Yeyiphi indlela echanekileyo yokubiza i-EV?

I-EV yenze imiba enkulu kuluhlu kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukusukela ngo-2017 ukuya ku-2022. Uluhlu olukhuselekileyo lokuhamba lunyuke ukusuka kwiikhilomitha ezingama-212 ukuya kwikhilomitha ezingama-500, kwaye uluhlu lokuhamba lusanda, kwaye ezinye iimodeli zinokufikelela kwiikhilomitha ezili-1 000. Uluhlu lokuhamba nge-ofisi olubhekele ngokupheleleyo lubhekisa ekuvumeni amandla ukwehla kwamandla ukusuka kwi-100% ukuya kwi-0%, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba ukusebenzisa ibhetri yamandla emdeni akulunganga.

Yimalini eyona ntlawulo ilungileyo kwi-ev? Ngaba ukutshaja ngokupheleleyo kwebhetri? Kwelinye icala, ukutshayela ngokupheleleyo ibhetri embi yebhetri? Yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo yokubiza ibhetri yemoto yombane?

1. Akucetyiswa ukuba uhlawule ngokupheleleyo ibhetri yamandla

Iibhetri zemoto yombane zisebenzisa i-lithium-ion. Njengazo ezinye izixhobo ezisebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium, ezinje ngeefowuni kunye neefowuni eziphathwayo, ukutshaja ukuya kwi-100% kunokuyishiya imeko engazinzanga, enokuchaphazela kakubi i-SO SOS (imeko yentlawulo) okanye ibangele ukusilela kwentlekele. Xa ibhetri ye-Bhin yeBhodi ihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ikhutshiwe, ii-IIIM ZICODS azinamali kwaye ziqokelele kwizibuko elishabhisayo ukuze zifake amachaphaza. Le meko inokubhorha ngokulula i-Eledromagnetic Diappragm kwaye iyenza isekethe emfutshane, eya kubangela ukuba imoto isebenze ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngethamsanqa, ukusilela kwentlekele kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa kungonakalisi kakhulu ekulahlekeni kwebhetri. Xa i-lithium i-ions ephindaphindiweyo kwi-electrolyte ebangela ilahleko ye-lithium, iphuma umjikelo oqaqambileyo. Oku kuhlala kubangelwa ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu aveliswe ngamandla agciniweyo xa ehlawuliswa isikhundla sokugqibela. Ke ngoko, ukufihlakala kuya kubangela utshintsho olungenakuphikiswa kwisakhiwo sezinto ezibonakalayo ze-elektrode ze-electrode zebhetri kunye nokuhombisa i-electrolyte, inciphise ubomi benkonzo yebhetri. Amaxesha athile okutshaja kwemoto yombane ukuya kwi-100% akunakubangela iingxaki ngokukhawuleza, njengoko iimeko zemfundo zizodwa azinakuphepha ukutshaya imoto. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ibhetri yemoto ihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo ixesha elide kwaye rhoqo, kuya kuvela iingxaki.

2. Nokuba i-100% ihlawulisiwe ngokupheleleyo

Abanye abasebenzisi be-Automake bayile ooma abakhuseli baka-Buffer kwi-EV abanyanzelisa ukugcina i-SO SOS ixesha elide. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa idashboard yemoto ibonisa i-100 pesenti yentlawulo, ayifikeleli umda onokuthi uchaphazele impilo yebhetri. Oku kuseta, okanye ukuthambisa, ukunciphisa ukonakaliswa kwebhetri, kwaye uninzi lwabaphathi banokuxoxa kolu kuyilo ukugcina imoto yeyona inokwenzeka.

3. Kulumkele ukukhutshwa okugqithisileyo

Ngokubanzi, ngokuqhubekayo ukuqhuba ibhetri ngaphezulu kwe-50% yomthamo wayo kuya kunciphisa inani elilindelekileyo lengqokelela yebhetri. Umzekelo, ukutshaja ibhetri ukuya kwi-100% kwaye ukuyifaka ngaphantsi kwe-50% kuya kunciphisa ubomi bayo, kwaye uyinyanzele ibe yi-80% kwaye uyikhuphe ngezantsi kwe-30% iya kubuphelisa ubomi bayo. Ingakanani ubunzulu bokukhupha i-DOD (ubunzulu bokukhupha) kuchaphazela ubomi bebhetri? Ibhetri yebheji ukuya kwi-50% dod iya kuba namaxesha ama-4 ngaphezulu kwebhetri ukuya kwi-100% ye-DOD. Kuba iibhetri ze-EP ziphantse zaze zakhutshwa ngokupheleleyo-Ukujonga ukhuseleko lwe-buffer, eneneni imeko yokukhutshwa okunzulu kunokuba yinto encinci, kodwa ibalulekile.

4. Ungabiza njani izithuthi zombane kunye nobomi bebhetri

1) Nikela ingqalelo kwixesha lokutshaja, kucetyiswa ukuba ufezekisa ukubiza kancinci iindlela zokutshaja kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha ahlulwe ukuba kutshaba okukhawulezileyo kunye nokutshaja kancinci. Ukutshaja kancinci kuthatha iiyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwezili-10, ngelixa shasa ngokukhawuleza kuthatha isiqingatha seyure ukuba ihlawule i-80% yamandla, kwaye inokuhlawuliswa ngokupheleleyo kwiiyure ezi-2. Nangona kunjalo, ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kuya kusebenzisa i-OKUKHO YOKWENZA NOBUNGQINA KUNYE NOKHUSELEKILEYO, Kuya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kwipakethi yebhetri. Ukuba ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kuya kubangela ukuba ibhetri inamandla, eya kunciphisa ubomi bebhetri yebhetri ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngenxa yoko iselokuqala ukhetho xa ixesha livumelekile. Indlela ehamba kancinci. Kuya kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ixesha lokutshaja akufuneki kube lide kakhulu, kungenjalo liza kubangela ukubambisa kwaye ibangele ukuba ibhetri yemoto ivuke.

2) Nika ingqalelo kumandla xa uqhuba kwaye uphephe ukugxotha izithuthi zamandla amatsha ayakukhumbuza ukuba ubize ngokukhawuleza xa amagunya ashiyekileyo angama-20% ukuya kwi-30%. Ukuba uqhubeka ukuqhuba ngeli xesha, ibhetri iya kukhutshelwa ngokunzulu, eya kuthi inciphise ubomi bebhetri. Ke ngoko, xa amandla asesele ebhetri ephantsi, kufuneka ahlawuliswe ngexesha.

3) Xa sigcina ixesha elide, ungavumeli ibhetri ilahlekelwe amandla ukuba imoto izakwe ixesha elide, qiniseka ukuba ingavumeli ibhetri. Ibhetri ixhonywe kwi-ilfletion kwimo yelahleko yamandla, kunye neekristale zesahlulo zesaldiate zinamathela kwiplate, eya kuthi ithintele ijelo le-IOI, libangela ukuba kungabikho komthamo webhetri. Ke ngoko, izithuthi zamandla amatsha kufuneka zihlawulwe ngokupheleleyo xa zipakishwe ixesha elide. Kucetyiswa ukuba ubabize rhoqo ukugcina ibhetri kwimeko esempilweni.