Njengoko inguqu yehlabathi uqoqosho lwe-carbon kunye namandla aluhlaza akhawulezisa, oorhulumente kwihlabathi liphela bakhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yamandla ahlaziyiweyo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lweendawo zokuhlawula iimoto zombane kunye nezinye iinkqubo, kuye kwakho inkxalabo malunga nokusikelwa kwegridi yamandla emvelo kwimigaqo yendalo kunye nokuzizisela amandla. Ngokudibanisa itekhnoloji ye-microgrid ehlaziyiweyo kwiinkqubo zokubiza, kungekuphela nje ukuxhomekeka kwiifosili zefosili kuncitshiswa, kodwa nokulimala kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwayo yonke inkqubo yamandla kunokuphuculwa. Eli phepha liphonononga ezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokudibanisa izithuba zokutshaja ezinembono ehlaziyiweyo kwiimbono ezininzi: Ukuhanjiswa kwetekhnoloji yaseKhaya, inkxaso yamandla esikhululo, kunye neendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko, kunye nokusebenzisana komgangatho kubuchwephesha obuzayo.
Ukudityaniswa kwamandla ahlaziyiweyo kwi-sharing yasekhaya
Ngokunyuka kwezithuthi zombane (i-EVs),Ukubhija ekhayaiye yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, i-shadi yendabuko idla ngokuxhomekeka kumbane wegridi, oqhele ukubandakanya imithombo ye-fossil, ukunciphisa izibonelelo zendalo. Ukwenza i-shara yasekhaya, abasebenzisi banokudibanisa amandla ahlaziyiweyo kwiinkqubo zabo. Umzekelo, ukufaka iipaneli zelanga okanye iinjini zomoya ezincinci ekhaya kunokubonelela ngamandla acocekileyo ukutshabalalisa ngelixa kuncitshiswa ukuthembela kumandla aqhelekileyo. Ngokwe-Arhente yamandla eMihlaba yeHlabathi (IEA), isizukulwana se-protovoltaic se-thoploltaic sakhula ngama-22% ngo-2022, sibalaselisa ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwamandla ahlaziyekayo.
Ukunciphisa iindleko nokukhuthaza le modeli, abasebenzisi bayakhuthazwa ukuba babandakanye nabavelisi bezixhobo ezinomsindo kunye nezaphulelo zokufaka. Uphando oluvela kwilebhu yelizwe laseMelika elihlaziyiweyo (Nrel) libonisa ukuba ukusebenzisa iinkqubo zelanga zelanga ze-ev sharing kunokusika ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ngama-30% -50%, kuxhomekeka kumxube wamandla wegridi yendawo yegridi. Ngaphezulu, iiphaphane zelanga zinokugcina amandla okuphela kwexesha lokushaya ebusuku, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwamandla. Le ndlela inciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-fossil fullil okanye ikwandisa abasebenzisi kwiindleko zombane zexesha elide.
Ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji yezikhululo zikarhulumente zoluntu
Izitishi zolawulo loluntuzibalulekile kubasebenzisi be-Ev, kunye nezakhono zabo zetekhnoloji zefuthe ngqo kumava okutshaja kunye neziphumo zokusingqongileyo. Ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle, kuyacetyiswa ukuba izikhululo zophuculwa kwiinkqubo zenqanaba lesithathu ukuxhasa itekhnoloji yokuqhuba ngokukhawuleza. Imigangatho yemigangatho yamandla aseYurophu, iinkqubo zenqanaba ezintathu zinike iziphumo eziphezulu kunamanqanaba odwa, ukusika amaxesha okuba angaphantsi kwemizuzu engama-30, ukuphucula kakuhle ngokulula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuculwa kwegridi kuphela akwanelanga ukufumana izisombululo ezihlaziyiweyo kunye nezisombululo zokugcina kufuneka zingeniswe.
Amandla elanga kunye namandla omoya alungele izikhululo zokuhlawula zikawonke-wonke. Ukufaka iiphaneli zeSolar kwisikhululo seSitishi okanye ukubeka ii-turbines zomoya kufutshane kunokubonelela ngamandla acocekileyo acocekileyo. Ukongeza iibhetri zokugcina amandla kuvumela amandla omde okwethutyana ukuze agcinwe kubusuku okanye ukusetyenziswa kweyure. I-Bloombergnef inika ingxelo yokuba iindleko zebhetri ze-ERROR ziye zehlile phantse i-90% kwishumi elidlulileyo, ngoku ngaphantsi kwe- $ 150 ye-Kilowatt-iyure, esenza i-surloysiment enkulu enokwenzeka. ECalifornia, ezinye izikhululo zamkele le modeli, ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwegridi kunye nokuxhasa i-grid ngexesha lemfuno ye-Peak, ekufezekiseni ulungiselelo lwamandla e-bidirectial.
Izicelo ezizodwa zamandla
Ngaphandle kwelanga kunye nomoya, i-eD shating inokufikelela kwimithombo enye yamandla ukuze ihambelane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo. I-biofuels, ukhetho lwe-carbon-engathathi hlangothi ezivela kwizityalo okanye kwinkunkuma ye-organic, ifanelekile izikhululo ezifunekayo. ISebe lezeDalo le-US le-US libonisa i-biofuelsclecleccleclecleclecleclecleclecleclecleclecleclecleclesclesclesclecle se-carbon lingaphezulu kwe-50% iphantsi kune-fossil fuels, ngetekhnoloji yemveliso evuthiweyo. I-Microcropower ye-hidropower inamabala kufutshane nemilambo okanye kwimijelo; Nangona amanqanaba amancinci, inika amandla azinzileyo kwizikhululo ezincinci.
Iiseli ze-hydrogen pells, itekhnoloji yokuphuma ye-zero-fikelela kuyo. Bavelisa umbane nge-hydrogen-oxygen ye-oxygen, efezekisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwe-60%-ukugqithisa i-25% -30% yeenjini zemveli. Ibhunga lamandla e-hydrogen yamandla, ngaphandle kwe-eco-elunge, i-hydrogen pells 'i-fly' i-flyds 'i-Reflouling Rills eqingqiweyo iphela i-EVs enzima okanye izikhululo eziphezulu zendlela. Iiprojekthi zokulinga zaseYurophu zidibene ne-hydrogen kwizikhululo zokuhlawula, zibonisa amandla ayo kumandla ayo anemigangatho yexesha elizayo. Iinketho zamandla ahlukeneyo Ukuphucula ukulungelelaniswa kwemveliso ukuya kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemeko zemozulu.
Ukunyanzeliswa kwegridi kunye neendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko
Kwimimandla enomda wegridi encinci okanye umngcipheko omkhulu we-blackout, kukuthintelwa kuphela kwigridi kunokungapheli. Amandla eGridi e-Grid kunye neenkqubo zokugcina zinikezela izongezo ezigcweleyo. Ukuseta i-Grid-Grid, ixhotywe ngama-stabalone solar okanye iiyunithi zomoya, qinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwemvume ngexesha lokuphuma. ISebe lezeDalo leManenekazi libonisa ukuba ukuhanjiswa okuxhaphakileyo kwamandla e-US kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wegridi nge-20% -30% ngelixa ukonyusa ukuthembeka.
Inkxaso-mali kaRhulumente ibhalwe ngotyalo-mali lwabucala sisitshixo kwesi sicwangciso. Umzekelo, iikhredithi zerhafu zaseMelika zinikezela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30% yokukhululeka kweendleko zokugcina kunye nokuhlaziywa kweeprojekthi, ukuvula imithwalo yokuqala yotyalo-mali. Ukongeza, iinkqubo zokugcina zinokwenza iindleko ngokugcina amandla xa amaxabiso asezantsi kwaye wayikhulula ngexesha leencopho. Olu lawulo lwamandla lwe-Smart Mandlaghtters Bolters luyaqhubeka kwaye luhambisa izibonelelo zoqoqosho kwimisebenzi yexesha elide yokusebenza.
I-Gerigional intsebenziswano kunye neTekhnoloji yexesha elizayo
Ukudityaniswa okunzulu kokutshaja kunye nee-microgrids ezihlaziyiweyo kufuna ukubambisana kwemveliso ye-80 kubalulekile. Ukutshaja iinkampani kufuneka zisebenzisane nababoneleli bamandla, abenzi bezixhobo, imibutho yophando yokuphuhlisa izisombululo zomphetho. Iinkqubo ze-Solar zelanga zelanga, zibuyisa ubume bexeshana kuzo zombini imithombo, qinisekisa amandla elotye. Iprojekhthi "yeProjekyuli ye-Huroboond 2020" idibanisa umoya, ilanga, kwaye igcinwe kwi-microgrid efanelekileyo yezikhululo zokushasa.
Itekhnoloji yegridi ye-Grid ibonelela ngamandla ngakumbi. Ngokubeka iliso kunye nokuhlalutya idatha ngexesha lokwenyani, ivumela ukuhanjiswa kwamandla phakathi kwezikhululo nakwiigridi. Iinqwelomoya zase-US zibonisa iigridi zobulumko zinokusika inkunkuma ye-15% -20% ngelixa unyusa ukusebenza kweSikhululo. Le ntsebenziswano kunye ne-frigys inkqubela phambili yokukhuphisana ngokuphumelelayo kunye nokuphucula amava omsebenzisi.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: FEB-28 ukuya ku-525