Ngakumbi kuneNdawo nje yokuPhuma-NEMA 14-50 njengeNdawo yaMandla oBomi banamhlanje
Umhlaba uyangena! Ukusuka kwiimoto zombane ukuya kwizixhobo zasekhaya ezinamandla, imfuno yethu yombane othembekileyo iyakhula. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngohlobo oluthile lombane. Ibizwa ngokuba yiI-NEMA 14-50. Oku akusiyo nayiphi na indawo yokuphuma. Kwabaninzi, sisitshixo sokutshaja imoto yombane ekhawulezayo (EV). Inika amandla iiRV ezinkulu kwiinkampu. Inokuqhuba nezixhobo ezinkulu kwindawo yakho yokusebenzela.
Kutheni naI-NEMA 14-50ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo kumakhaya namashishini aseMntla Melika? Kungenxa yokuba inika amandla amaninzi, ngokukhuselekileyo. Esi sikhokelo siya kukuxelela yonke into ekufuneka uyazi. Siza kugubungela ntoni aNEMA 14-50 isisekoyi. Siza kujonga indlela esetyenziswa ngayo. Siza kuphinda sixoxe ngendlela yokuyifaka ngokukhuselekileyo kunye nokuba ingaxabisa ntoni na. Ekugqibeleni, uya kuqonda le nxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-hardware yombane.
Esi sikhokelo siya kukunceda ufunde:
•Yintoni eyenza iI-NEMA 14-50ekhethekileyo.
•Usetyenziso lwayo olungundoqo, njenge-aNEMA 14-50 EV tshaja.
•Amacebiso abalulekileyo okhuseleko.
• Iindleko ezirhabaxa zofakelo.
Yintoni i-NEMA 14-50? Ukucacisa iiNkcukacha zoMbane kunye neSakhiwo
I-NEMA imele i-National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Eli qela libeka imigangatho yeemveliso zombane ezininzi eMntla Melika. Amanani kunye nonobumba kwiI-NEMA 14-50sixelele ngokuphuma.
I-"14" ithetha ukuba ibonelela ngeengcingo ezimbini "ezishushu", ucingo olungathathi hlangothi, kunye nocingo oluphantsi. Olu cwangciso luvumela ukuba lunikeze zombini ii-volts ze-120 kunye ne-240 volts. I-"50" isixelela ukuba inikwe ireyithi ye-50 amperes (amps). IiAmps zilinganisa umsinga wombane. Ii-amps ezininzi zithetha amandla amaninzi. Ngoko, a50 amp NEMA 14-50sisixhobo esinamandla amakhulu.
A NEMA 14-50 isitya(indawo ephuma eludongeni) inemingxuma emine. UkuthelekisaNEMA 14-50 iplagi(kwintambo yesixhobo) ineeprong ezine.
•Iingcingo eziHotyo ezimbini (X, Y):Ezi zithwala i-120 volts nganye. Ngokudibeneyo, babonelela nge-240 volts.
• ucingo oluphakathi (W):Le yindlela yokubuyela kwiisekethe ze-120-volt. Iqhele ukubangqukuva okanye imile okwe L.
•Iingcingo eziGrounding (G):Oku kukukhusela. Idla ngokuba ngu-U okanye ingqukuva.
Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa echanekileyo14-50 iplagine14-50 ivenkileukuqinisekisa uqhagamshelo olukhuselekileyo.
Nantsi indlela iI-NEMA 14-50ithelekisa nezinye iindawo eziqhelekileyo zeNEMA:
| Uphawu | I-NEMA 14-50 | I-NEMA 10-30 (Izomisi eziDala) | I-NEMA 14-30 (Izomisi/iiRange ezitsha) | I-NEMA 6-50 (Iintsimbi, ezinye ii-EVs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-Voltage | 120V/240V | 120V/240V | 120V/240V | 240V |
| Amperage | 50A (sebenzisa kwi-40A ngokuqhubekayo) | 30A | 30A | 50A |
| Iingcingo | 4 (2 Kushushu, Kakuthath'icala, Umhlaba) | 3 (2 Eshushu, Ephakathi, AKUKHO MHLABA) | 4 (2 Kushushu, Kakuthath'icala, Umhlaba) | 3 (2 Kushushu, kuPhakathi, AKUKHO phakathi) |
| Isekelwe | Ewe | Hayi (Omdala, ukhuseleke kancinci) | Ewe | Ewe |
| Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo | Ii-EVs, ii-RVs, iiRange, ii-Oveni | Izikomisi zoMbane eziDala | Izixhobo ezitsha zokomisa, iiRandi ezincinci | I-Welders, ezinye ii-EV Chargers |
Ungayibona iI-NEMA 14-50iyaguquguquka kuba ibonelela ngeendlela zombini zombane kwaye inocingo olusezantsi lokhuseleko. II-240 yevolthi yokuphuma kwe-NEMA 14-50ubunakho ngundoqo kwiimfuno zamandla aphezulu.
I-NEMA ye-14-50 ye-Core Applications
A. Isithuthi soMbane (EV) sokuTshaja: UKhetho oluPhezuluUkuba ungumnikazi we-EV, ufuna ukuyibiza ngokukhawuleza ekhaya. Umgangatho we-120-volt ophumayo (iNqanaba loku-1 lokutshaja) unokuthatha ixesha elide kakhulu. II-NEMA 14-50ivumela ukutshaja kweNqanaba lesi-2 ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
•Kutheni ilungile kwiNqanaba lesi-2: A NEMA 14-50 EV tshajainokuhambisa ukuya kutsho kwi-9.6 kilowatts (kW) yamandla (240V x 40A). Oku kungaphezulu kakhulu kwe-1−2 kW ephuma kwindawo eqhelekileyo.
•Ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza:Oku kuthetha ukuba ungahlawula ngokupheleleyo ii-EV ezininzi ngobusuku. Okanye, unokongeza uluhlu olubalulekileyo kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa.
•Ukuhambelana:Iitshaja ezininzi ze-EV eziphathwayo ziza neNEMA 14-50 iplagi. Ezinye iitshaja ezixhonywe eludongeni nazo zinokuqhagamshelwa kwi-a14-50 isitya, enikezela ukuba bhetyebhetye ukuba uyashukuma.
B. Izithuthi zoLonwabo (RVs): "Umnxeba woBomi"Kubanini RV, iI-NEMA 14-50ibalulekile. Iindawo zokukhempa zihlala zibonelela aNEMA 14-50 yokuphumakuba "amandla onxweme."
•Ukunika amandla iRV yakho:Olu qhagamshelwano lukuvumela ukuba uqhube yonke into kwiRV yakho. Oku kubandakanya ii-air conditioners, ii-microwaves, izibane, kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane.
•50 Amp RVs:IiRV ezinkulu ezineeyunithi ezininzi ze-AC okanye izixhobo ezininzi zihlala zifuna a50 amp NEMA 14-50uqhagamshelwano ukuze lusebenze ngokupheleleyo.
C. IziXhobo zaMandla aPhezulu zaseKhayaLe ndawo yokuthengisa ayisiyiyo eyezithuthi kuphela. Amakhaya amaninzi ayisebenzisela:
•Iindawo zoMbane kunye neeOveni:La mahashe okusebenza ekhitshini afuna amandla amaninzi.
•Izomisi zoMbane:Ezinye izomisi ezinkulu okanye ezindala ezinombane ophezulu zinokusebenzisa aI-NEMA 14-50. (Nangona i-NEMA 14-30 ixhaphake kakhulu koomisi abaninzi bale mihla).
•Iindibano zocweyo:Iiwelder, iicompressor zomoya ezinkulu, okanye iikilns zinokusebenzisa a14-50 iplagi.
D. Amandla eThutyana kunye neeKhetho zokuGcinaNgamanye amaxesha, udinga amandla amaninzi okwethutyana. II-NEMA 14-50kunokuba luncedo kwiindawo zemisebenzi okanye njengendawo yoqhagamshelo kwezinye iindidi zeejeneretha zokuxhasa ngexesha lokucima kombane.
Uhlalutyo olunzulu: Ukukhetha kunye nokuFaka i-NEMA 14-50-IsiKhokelo se-"Pitfall Avoidance"
Ukuhlohla a240v NEMA 14-50 yokuphumaayisiyoprojekthi ye-DIY elula kubantu abaninzi. Kubandakanya ukusebenza ngamandla ombane aphezulu. Iimpazamo zinokuba yingozi. Nantsi into ekufuneka uyazi.
A. Iindleko zokwenyani: Ngakumbi kuneNdawo nje yokuphumaIxabiso leNEMA 14-50 isityangokwayo incinci. Kodwa iindleko zizonke zinokudibanisa.
1. Indawo yokukhupha:Umgangatho olungileyo14-50 isityainokubiza i-$10 - $50. Imigangatho yemizi-mveliso ixabisa ngaphezulu.
2. ucingo:Uya kufuna ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bocingo (ngokuqhelekileyo i-6-gauge yocingo lobhedu kwisekethe ye-50-amp). Iindleko zocingo ziyahluka kodwa zinokuba yinxalenye enkulu yeendleko, ngakumbi kwiindlela ezinde.
3.Isiqhekezi seSekethe:I-50-amp entsha ye-amp double-pole breaker iyafuneka kwiphaneli yakho yombane. ($20 - $100+).
4.I-Conduit & Iibhokisi:Ukuba iingcingo zibaleka ngaphandle kweendonga, uya kufuna i-conduit (umbhobho) kunye neebhokisi zombane.
5. Iindleko zabasebenzi:Oku kudla ngokuba yeyona ndawo inkulu. Amazinga ombane ahluka ngokwengingqi kunye nobunzima bomsebenzi. Lindela i-$ 200 ukuya kwi-$ 1000 +, okanye nangaphezulu kwiimeko ezinzima.
6.Izongezelelo ezinokwenzeka:
•Uphuculo lwePaneli:Ukuba ipaneli yakho yombane enkulu indala, igcwele, okanye incinci kakhulu, inokufuna ukuphuculwa. Oku kunokubiza i-$1,000 ukuya kwi-$4,000 okanye ngaphezulu.
•Iimvume:Iindawo ezininzi zifuna imvume yombane ukwenza olu hlobo lomsebenzi. Oku kongeza umrhumo (i-$ 50 - $ 200 +).
•Imiba emide yocingo:Okukhona i-outlet ikude kwiphaneli yakho, kokukhona ucingo kunye nokusebenza kuyafuneka.
Kububulumko ukufumana izicatshulwa ezimbalwa ezivela kumagcisa ombane afanelekileyo.
B. Ukhuseleko Kuqala: Ukufakelwa kobuNgcali yeyona nto ibalulekileyoLe asiyondawo yokusika iikona. Ukusebenza nge-240 volts kuyingozi.
•Kutheni uPro?Abasebenzi bombane abanelayisensi bayazi iKhowudi yoMbane yeSizwe (NEC) kunye neekhowudi zendawo. Baqinisekisa eyakhoNEMA 14-50 yokuphumaifakwe ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuchanekileyo. Oku kukhusela ikhaya lakho, izixhobo zakho zombane kunye nosapho lwakho.
Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo ukuba i-DIY-ing (kunye neeNgozi zabo!):
•Ubungakanani bocingo obungalunganga:Iingcingo ezincinci kakhulu zinokutshisa kwaye zidale imililo.
•Isaphuli-mthetho esingalunganga:I-breaker enkulu kakhulu ayiyi kukhusela isiphaluka. Isiqhekeza esincinci kakhulu siya kukhubeka rhoqo.
•Iziqhagamshelo ezikhululekile:Ezi zinokwenza i-arc, i-spark, kwaye ibangele imililo okanye umonakalo.
•Ukuxuba iiNcingo:Ukuqhagamshela iingcingo kwiitheminali ezingezizo kungonakalisa izixhobo zombane okanye kudale iingozi ezothusayo. INEMA 1450 isixhobo(enye indlela abantu ababhekisa kuyoNEMA 14-50 isitya) i-wiring ikhethekileyo.
•Akukho Mvume/uHlolo:Oku kunokubangela iingxaki kwi-inshurensi okanye xa uthengisa ikhaya lakho.
•Ukufumana uMsebenzi woMbane oLungileyo:
•Buza iingcebiso.
•Khangela iilayisensi kunye ne-inshurensi.
•Jonga uphononongo lwe-intanethi.
•Fumana uqikelelo olubhaliweyo.
C. Ubungqina bexesha elizayo: i-NEMA 14-50 kunye ne-Smart EnergyII-NEMA 14-50ayisiyiyo eyanamhlanje kuphela. Inokuba yinxalenye yekhaya elikrelekrele.
•Itshaja ze-EV ezihlakaniphile:AbaninziNEMA 14-50 EV tshajaiimodeli "zihlakaniphile." Unokuzilawula nge-app, ukutshaja ishedyuli ngamaxesha ombane angabizi kakhulu, kwaye ulandelele ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
•IiNkqubo zaMandla eKhaya:Njengoko abantu bongeza iipaneli zelanga okanye iibhetri zasekhaya, i-robust240v NEMA 14-50 yokuphumainokuba yindawo yoqhagamshelo eluncedo kwisixhobo esithile.
•Imoto-ukuya-eKhaya (V2H) / Isithuthi-siya-kwiGridi (V2G):Ezi ziimbono ezintsha. Zibandakanya ii-EVs ukuthumela amandla emva kwikhaya okanye kwigridi. Ngelixa usaphuhlayo, ukuba ne-50 amp NEMA 14-50Isekethe inokuba luncedo njengoko obu buchwepheshe bukhula.
•Ixabiso Lekhaya:Ifakwe ngokufanelekileyoNEMA 14-50 yokuphuma, ngakumbi ukutshaja kwe-EV, kunokuba yinto ekhangayo ukuba uthengisa ikhaya lakho.
D. Amanqaku eentlungu zomsebenzisi: Imiba eqhelekileyo kunye nokulungisa iingxakiNokuba ufakelo olulungileyo, unokuba nemibuzo.
•I-Outlet/Plug Iba shushu: Ukuba eyakhoNEMA 14-50 iplagiokanye i-outlet ivakala ishushu kakhulu, yeka ukuyisebenzisa ngoko nangoko kwaye ubize umntu osebenza ngombane.Oku kunokubangelwa kukudityaniswa okuxekethileyo, i-outlet egugileyo, isekethe egcwele kakhulu, okanye iplagi/i-outlet ekumgangatho ophantsi. Iindawo zokuthengisa ezikumgangatho weshishini zihlala zibuphatha ngcono ubushushu.
•Uhambo lwezaphuli Rhoqo:Oku kuthetha ukuba isekethe itsala amandla amaninzi, okanye kukho impazamo. Musa ukuqhubeka uyicwangcisa kwakhona. Umntu osebenza ngombane kufuneka afumane unobangela.
Ukuhambelana kwetshaja ye-EV:Uninzi lweetshaja zeNqanaba lesi-2 ze-EV zisebenza ngeI-NEMA 14-50. Kodwa hlala ujonga i-EV yakho kunye neencwadana zetshaja.
•Usetyenziso lwaNgaphandle:Ukuba eyakho14-50 ivenkileingaphandle (umzekelo, i-RV okanye i-EV yokutshaja yangaphandle), KUFANELE ibe luhlobo oluchasene nemozulu (WR) kwaye ifakwe kwisigqubuthelo esifanelekileyo "esisetyenziswayo" sokumelana nemozulu. Oku kuyikhusela emvuleni nakufuma.
NEMA 14-50 Ushwankathelo lweNkqubo yoFakelo
Isilumkiso: Esi ASIKHO isikhokelo se-DIY.Olu qwalaselo lunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba uza kwenza ntoni na usombane wakho. Hlala uqesha ingcali eqeqeshiweyo.
1. Ukucwangcisa:Umntu osebenza ngombane uya kujonga umthamo wephaneli yakho yombane. Baya kunceda ekukhetheni eyona ndawo ilungileyoNEMA 14-50 isiseko. Baza kubalula indlela yocingo.
2.Ukhuseleko lucimile:Baya kucima amandla aphambili kwindlu yakho kwiphaneli. Oku kubalulekile.
3.Ucingo olubalekayo:Baya kuqhuba i-wire gauge echanekileyo (umzekelo, i-6/3 AWG yobhedu kunye nomhlaba) ukusuka kwiphaneli ukuya kwindawo yokuphuma. Oku kunokubandakanya ukungena kwiindonga, ii-attics, okanye iindawo zokukhwela. Umbhobho wokuhambisa amanzi ungasetyenziselwa ukukhusela.
4.Fakela iBreakers & Outlet:Baza kufaka i-50-amp i-amp double-pole breaker circuit circuit kwindawo engenanto kwindawo yolawulo lwakho. Baya kudibanisa iingcingo kwi-breaker. Emva koko, baya kufaka intambo14-50 isityakwibhokisi yombane kwindawo ekhethiweyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ucingo ngalunye luya kwi-terminal echanekileyo (Hot, Hot, Neutral, Ground).
5.Uvavanyo:Emva kokuba yonke into iqhagamshelwe kwaye ikhangelwe, baya kuphinda bavule amandla. Baza kuvavanya indawo yokuphuma ukuze baqinisekise ukuba ineentambo ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ibonelela ngamandla ombane afanelekileyo.
6.Uhlolo:Ukuba imvume yatsalwa, umhloli wombane wendawo uya kujonga umsebenzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba udibana nazo zonke iikhowudi.
Ukuthenga ngobuchule: Ukukhetha umgangatho we-NEMA 14-50 Isixhobo
Ayizizo zonke iindawo zombane ezenziwe zalingana. Kudibaniso lwamandla aphezulu njengeI-NEMA 14-50, imiba yomgangatho wokhuseleko kunye nobomi obude.
A. NEMA 14-50R Isixhobo (Isikhupha):
•Isiqinisekiso:Khangela kuLuhlu lwe-UL okanye amanqaku adweliswe yi-ETL. Oku kuthetha ukuba ihlangabezana nemigangatho yokhuseleko.
•Ibakala:
•Ibakala lokuhlala:Ixabiso eliphantsi, kulungile ukusetyenziswa ngamaxesha athile.
•IBanga loShishino loRhwebo (Umsebenzi onzima):Iyacetyiswa, ngakumbi ukutshaja rhoqo kwe-EV. Banonxibelelwano olunamandla, ukumelana nobushushu obungcono, kwaye bahlala ixesha elide. Iimveliso ezifana neHubbell, Leviton (umgca wabo woshishino), kunye noBryant baziwa ngomgangatho.
•Izikhululo:Iivenkile ezilungileyo zineetheminali ezomeleleyo zokuqhagamshelwa ngocingo.
B. NEMA 14-50P Iplagi neeSeti zeNtambo (yeZixhobo/Iitshaja):
•Isilinganisi socingo:Qinisekisa nayiphi na intambo ene-a14-50 iplagiisebenzisa ucingo olungqindilili ngokufanelekileyo kubude bayo kunye ne-amperage.
•Iiplagi ezibunjiweyo:Iiplagi ezibunjiweyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zikhuselekile kwaye zomelele ngakumbi kunezo uzihlanganisela ngokwakho.
•Isiqinisekiso:Kwakhona, khangela amanqaku e-UL okanye e-ETL.
C. EVSE (IziXhobo zoBonelelo lweZithuthi zoMbane) / iitshaja ze-EV:Ukuba ufumana iNEMA 14-50 EV tshaja:
•Inqanaba laMandla:Khetha enye ehambelana nokutshaja kwe-EV yakho kunye nesekethe yakho yombane (ubuninzi be-40A obuqhubekayo kwisekethe ye-50A).
•Iimpawu ezikrelekrele:Cinga ukuba ufuna iWi-Fi, ulawulo lweapp, okanye ukucwangcisa.
•Ibhrendi kunye noPhononongo:Phanda ngeempawu ezithembekileyo kwaye ufunde uphononongo lwabasebenzisi.
•Ukhuseleko luqinisekisiwe:Qinisekisa ukuba UL okanye ETL edwelisiweyo.
Yamkela i-NEMA 14-50 kuBomi boMbane obusebenzayo
II-NEMA 14-50ingaphezulu nje komthwalo onzima. Lisango lokutshaja i-EV ngokukhawuleza, iRVing ekhululekile, kunye nokunika amandla izixhobo zombane ezifunwa kakhulu. Ukuqonda ukuba yintoni aNEMA 14-50 iplagikwayeindawo yokwamkelazi, basebenza njani, kunye nezibonelelo zabo zinokukunceda wenze ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwekhaya lakho okanye ishishini.
Khumbula, isitshixo sokusebenzisa oku kunamandlaI-240 yevolthi yokuphuma kwe-NEMA 14-50lukhuseleko. Soloko unomcibi wombane onelayisensi aphathe ukufakela. Ngokucwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo, yakho50 amp NEMA 14-50Unxibelelwano luya kukunceda ngokuthembekileyo kwiminyaka ezayo.
FAQ
I-Q1: Ngaba ndingayifaka i-NEMA 14-50 ngokwam?IMPENDULO: Ityhafiswa ngamandla ngaphandle kokuba uligcisa lombane elinelayisensi. Ukusebenza nge-240 volts kuyingozi. Ufakelo oluchanekileyo lunokukhokelela kumlilo, ukutshitshiswa kombane, okanye umonakalo kwizinto zombane. Hlala uqesha ingcali.
Q2: Kubiza malini ukufaka i-NEMA 14-50 yokuphuma?A: Iindleko ziyahluka kakhulu, ukusuka kumakhulu ambalwa ukuya ngaphezulu kwewaka leedola. Izinto zibandakanya indawo okuyo, amaxabiso ombane, umgama ukusuka kwindawo yolawulo, kwaye ukuba indawo yakho yolawulo ifuna ukuphuculwa. Fumana iikowuti ezininzi.
I-Q3: I-NEMA 14-50 iya kuhlawulisa kangakanani i-EV yam?A: Oku kuxhomekeke kwitshaja ekwi-EV yakho nakwi-EVSE (iyunithi yetshaja) oyisebenzisayo. AI-NEMA 14-50Isekethe inokuxhasa amaxabiso okutshaja ukusuka kwi-7.7 kW ukuya ku-9.6 kW. Oku kunokongeza iimayile ezingama-20-35 zoluhlu ngeyure yokutshaja kwii-EV ezininzi.
Q4: Iphaneli yombane yendlu yam indala. Ndingakwazi ukuyifaka i-NEMA 14-50?A: Mhlawumbi. Umntu osebenza ngombane kufuneka enze "isibalo somthwalo" ukubona ukuba indawo yolawulo yakho inomthamo owaneleyo na. Ukuba akunjalo, okanye ukuba akukho zithuba zekhefu ezingenanto, kunokufuneka uphucule indawo yolawulo, elixabiso elongezelelweyo.
I-Q5: Ngaba i-NEMA 14-50 yokuphuma ayinamanzi? Ngaba inokufakwa ngaphandle?A: UmgangathoNEMA 14-50 iindawo zokuthengisaazinamanzi. Kufakelo lwangaphandle, kufuneka usebenzise i-"Weather Resistant" (WR) ereyithiweyo isixhobo kunye nesigqubuthelo esifanelekileyo "esisetyenziswayo" sokumelana nemozulu esikhusela iplagi kunye nendawo yokuphuma nokuba kukho into eplagiweyo.
I-Q6: Ngaba ndimele ndikhethe itshaja ye-EV eqinile okanye i-plug-in NEMA 14-50 EV tshaja?A: Itshaja ezisebenza ngeHardwired ziqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwisekethe, abathi abanye bakhethe ukuseta isigxina kunye nonikezelo lwamandla oluphezulu kancinci. Faka iplagiNEMA 14-50 EV iitshajanikezela ngokuguquguquka ngakumbi ukuba ufuna ukuhamba netshaja okanye uyitshintshe ngokulula. Zombini iinketho ezilungileyo ukuba zifakwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kwekhowudi ngundoqo kulo naluphi na ukhetho.
Imithombo egunyazisiweyo
Umbutho weSizwe waBavelisi boMbane (NEMA) -https://www.nema.org
IKhowudi yoMbane yeSizwe (NEC) - Iphathwa nguMbutho woKhuseleko loMlilo weSizwe (NFPA) -https://www.nfpa.org/NEC
Isiseko soKhuseleko loMbane lwaMazwe ngaMazwe (ESFI) -https://www.esfi.org
(Izikhokelo zokutshaja zoMvelisi we-EV, umz., Tesla, Ford, GM)
(Iiwebhusayithi ezinkulu zabenzi bombane, umz., Leviton, Hubbell)
Ixesha lokuposa: May-29-2025