Utshintsho lwehlabathi kwizithuthi zombane (ii-EVs) zifumene okomzuzwana kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo. Njengaba oorhulumente batyhalela izisombululo zokuhamba eziGreener kunye nabathengi abaziinkoliso ngakumbi kwiimoto ezinobuhlobo, imfuno yeIntengiso ye-EV ChargerUye watya. Ukufakelwa kwezorhwebo akusekho mkhwa kodwa yimfuneko, kwaye amashishini anethuba elikhethekileyo lokuthatha inxaxheba kwiziseko zophuhliso eziqinisekileyo.
Ngo-2023, kwakuqikelelwa ukuba ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-10 zombane ezisendleleni kwihlabathi liphela, kwaye eli nani liqikelelwa ukuba liqhubeke likhula kabukhali. Ukuxhasa olu tshintsho, ukwanda kweIzikhululo zokuhlawula iimoto zorhweboibalulekile. Ezi zikhululo zibalulekile kuphela ekuqinisekiseni abanini-zicelo ezinokubiza izithuthi zabo kodwa kunye nokudala inethiwekhi eyomeleleyo, efikelelekayo, exhasa okuzinzileyo kwezezithuthi zombane. Nokuba yiyoIsikhululo sorhwebo sokuThengisaKwindawo yokuthenga okanye isakhiwo seofisi, i-EV Chargger ngoku kufuneka inamashishini ajonge ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi bendalo namhlanje.
Kwesi sikhokelo, siya kubonelela nge-in-in-inIntengiso ye-EV Charger, ukunceda amashishini ukuba aqonde iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zetshaja ezikhoyo, indlela yokukhetha izikhululo ezifanelekileyo, apho uzifaka khona, kunye neendleko ezinxulumene noko. Siza kuphonononga inkuthazo yaseburhulumenteni kunye neenkathalo zolondolozo ukunceda abanini beshishini zenza izigqibo ezinolwazi xa sifakaIntengiso ye-EV iChar.
1. Zeziphi iindawo ezifanelekileyo ze-ev biza ukufaka isikhululo?
Impumelelo yeIntengiso ye-EV ChaggerUkufakwa kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwindawo yayo. Ukufaka izikhululo zokuhlawula iindawo ezifanelekileyo kuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kunye ne-ROI. Amashishini kufuneka ahlole ngenyameko ipropathi yabo ngenyameko, indlela yokuziphatha yabathengi, kunye neepateni zendlela ukumisela apho ukufaka khonaIzikhululo zokuhlawula iimoto zorhwebo.
1.1 Izithili zemfundo kunye namaziko okuthenga
Izithili zorhwebokwayeIindawo zokuthengaziphakathi kwezona ndawo zilungileyo zeIzikhululo zokuhlawula iimoto zorhwebo. Ezi ndawo zendlela eziphakamileyo zitsala uluhlu olwahluka lweendwendwe ezinokuthi zichithe ixesha elibalulekileyo kule ndawo - zibangela ukuba abagqatswa abafezekileyo kwi-EV.
Abanini be-Ev baya kuluxabisa ukudalwa kokutshaja iimoto zabo ngelixa beyokuthenga, bedlela, okanye ukwenza imisebenzi.Izikhululo zemoto zemotoKwezi ndawo zinika amashishini lithuba elihle lokwahlula kubantu abakhuphisana nabo. Ayisiyodwanga nje abatsala abathengi bendalo esingqongileyo, kodwa banceda amashishini akhe iziqinisekiso zabo. Ukongeza, izikhululo zokuhlawula ngaphakathiUkufakwa kweendawo zokuhlawula ngombane kwezorhweboKumaziko okuthenga angenza ingeniso eyongezelelweyo ngemodeli yokusebenzisa intlawulo okanye kwizikimu zamalungu.
1.2 iindawo zomsebenzi
Ngenani elikhulayo leAbanini beemoto zombane. Abasebenzi abaqhuba izithuthi zombane baya kuxhamla ngokufikelelaI-charger yemoto yombaneNgexesha lokusebenza, ukunciphisa imfuneko yokuba bathembele ekubhiyozeni ekhaya.
Amashishini,Intengiso ev tshajaKwindawo yokusebenza kunokuphucula kakhulu ulwaneliseko lwabasebenzi kunye nokunyaniseka, ngelixa ikwanegalelo kwiinjongo zokuzinza ezizinzileyo. Yindlela yokucinga ngaphambili yokubonisa abasebenzi ukuba inkampani ixhasa utshintsho lwamandla.
1.3 Izakhiwo zendlu
Njengoko abantu abaninzi batshintshela kwizithuthi zombane, izakhiwo zendlu kunye nezindlu ezindala zekhaya ziyaphantsi kwengcinezelo ekhulisa izisombululo zokuhlawula kubahlali. Ngokungafaniyo namakhaya osapho angatshatanga, abahlali abahlali baqhele ukungafikeleli ekubhiyolweni ekhaya, ukwenzaIntengiso ye-EV ChargerInqaku eliyimfuneko kwizakhiwo zendawo yokuhlala yanamhlanje.
UkubonelelaUkufakwa kweendawo zokuhlawula ngombane kwezorhweboKwizakhiwo zegumbi elinezakhiwo zinokwenza iipropathi zinomtsalane ngakumbi kubaqeshi, ngakumbi abo banezakhono okanye bacwangcise ukuthenga imoto yombane. Ngamanye amaxesha, inokunyusa amaxabiso epropathi, kuba abahlali ababeka phambili amakhaya ane-EV yokuhlawula iziseko zophuhliso.
1.4 Iindawo zeNkonzo zaseKhaya
Amanqaku enkonzo yaseKhaya, ezinje ngezikhululo zegesi, iivenkile ezilula, kunye neevenkile zokutyela, zizinto ezinkulu zeIntengiso ye-EV iChar. Ezi ndawo ngokubanzi zibona uluhlu oluphezulu lwendlela, kwaye abanini-zine banokubiza izithuthi zabo ngelixa bema ipetroli, ukutya, okanye iinkonzo ezikhawulezayo.
NgokongezaIzikhululo zemoto zemotoKumanqaku enkonzo yasekuhlaleni, amashishini anokulungiselela abaphulaphuli ababanzi kwaye bahlukanisa imijelo yabo yengeniso. Ukunyanzelwa kweziseko zophuhliso kuyakwazi ngakumbi kwiindawo ezininzi abantu abaxhomekeke kwiimoto zombane zokuhamba umgama omde.
2. Ziphuma njani izikhululo zokuhlawula iimoto zombane ezikhethiweyo?
Xa ukhetha i-AIntengiso ye-EV Chagger, izinto ezininzi eziphambili kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isikhululo sihlangabezane nazo zombini iimfuno zeshishini kunye nezo zabasebenzisi base-E E E-EV. Ukuqonda iintlobo zezikhululo zokuhlawula kunye neempawu zabo kubalulekile ukuba senze isigqibo solwazi.
2.1 Inqanaba le-1 lamanqanaba
Izitishi ezi-1zezona ndlela zilula kwaye zilula kakhuluI-chargers yorhwebo yorhwebo. Ezi chargers zisebenzisa i-Coith yeKholethi yeKhaya le-120V kwaye ihlawulisa i-IV nge-IV malunga neekhilomitha ezi-2,5 zoluhlu ngeyure.Inqanaba le-1 chargerzilungele iindawo apho ziya kufakwa khona ii-EVs ixesha elininzi, ezinje ngeendawo zomsebenzi okanye izakhiwo zendlu.
NgelixaIzitishi ezi-1azixabisi ukufaka, zihamba kancinci kunezinye iindlela, kwaye zinokungalunganga kwiindawo eziziindlela eziphezulu apho abanini be-ED bafuna iindleko ngokukhawuleza.
2.2 INQANABA 2 leZithuthi zoMsebenzi
Inqanaba le-2 chargerzolona hlobo luqhelekileyoIntengiso ye-EV Charger. Basebenza kwisekethe i-240V kwaye banokuhlawula isithuthi sombane se-4-6 amaxesha ngokukhawulezaInqanaba le-1 charger. AInqanaba lezorhwebo 2 i-ev tshajaIngathi ibonelela ngeekhilomitha ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-15 ubude beyure yokutshaja, kuxhomekeke kwitshaja kunye nomthamo wesithuthi.
Amashishini kwiindawo apho abathengi banokuhlala ixesha elide - njengamaziko okuthenga, izakhiwo zeofisi, kunye namagumbi-Inqanaba le-2 chargersisisombululo esisebenzayo nesineendleko. Ezi chargers zelukhetho oluhle kakhulu kumashishini afuna ukubonelela ngenkonzo ethembekileyo neyokukhawulezisa ukutshaja kwabanini be-ED.
2.3 Inqanaba 3 Izikhululo zokuTsaka-DC-DC QAPHELA I-Chargers ekhawulezayo
Inqanaba lesi-3 lokutshaja, kwaziwa njengeI-DC ngokukhawuleza itshaja, Nika isantya esikhawulezayo sokutshaja, senza ukuba balungele iindawo eziphakamileyo zendlela apho abathengi bafuna ukuba abathengi abatshayo. Ezi zikhululo zisebenzisa imithombo yamandla engama-480v kwaye inokubiza i-ev ukuya kwi-80% kwimizuzu engama-30.
NgelixaInqanaba le-3 chargerzibiza kakhulu ukufaka kwaye zigcine, zibalulekile ekuxhaseni ukuhamba umgama omde kunye nokupheka kubathengi abafuna intlawulo ekhawulezayo. Iindawo ezifana nokuphumla kwendlela yokuphumla, izithili zentengiso ezixakekileyo, kunye neendawo zokuhamba zilungeleI-DC ngokukhawuleza itshaja.
3. ISikhululo soMbane soMbane weZithuthi zoMsebenzi oSebenzayo kunye nezaphulelo e-US
E-US, kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkuthazo ezenzelwe ukukhuthaza ukufakelwa kweIzikhululo zokuhlawula iimoto zorhwebo. Ezi meko zincedisa zinceda ekuhlawuleni iindleko eziphezulu eziphambili kwaye zenze kube lula ukuba amashishini alondoloze kwizibonelelo ze-ED.
3.1 Iikhredithi zeRhafu yeCharger yeRhafu yoMbane
Amashishini afakaIntengiso ye-EV ChargerIngafaneleka ukuba i-federal ikhredithi. Phantsi kwezikhokelo ezikhoyo ze-Federal, iinkampani zinokufumana ukuya kwi-30% yeendleko zokufakwa, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30,000 yeedola zokufakwa kwezikhululo zetyala kwiindawo zorhwebo. Oku kungasebenzi kakuhle kunciphisa umthwalo wezemali wokufakwa nokukhuthaza amashishini ukwamkela izibonelelo ze-ED.
3.2 INKQUBO YOBUCHULE KWENDLELA YOKUGQIBELA
IIinkqubo zeZithuthi zikaZwelonke zoMtya (iVila)Nikeza inkxaso-mali yobuqhetseba kumashishini noorhulumente bokufakelwa kwe-enc yokutshaja. Le nkqubo ijolise ekwenzeni uthungelwano lwesizwe lwetshaja ekhawulezayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba abanini-e-Ev banokufikelela kwizitishi zokutshaja ezinokuthenjwa kulo lonke ilizwe.
I-NEVI amashishini anokufaka isicelo senkxaso-mali ukunceda ukugubungela iindleko zeIntengiso ev tshaja, yenze kube lula kubo ukuba babe negalelo kwi-ecosystem ekhulayo.
4. Iindleko zokuhlawula iZithuthi zoMsebenzi weZithuthi
Ixabiso lokufakaIzikhululo zokuhlawula iimoto zorhweboKuxhomekeka kwimiba eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanya uhlobo lwetshaja, indawo, kunye nezibonelelo zombane ezikhoyo.
4.1 Izibonelelo zeSikhululo soMbane soMbane weZithuthi
Iziseko ezifunekayo zokufakaIntengiso ye-EV Chargerihlala ibaluleke kakhulu kwiprojekthi. Amashishini anokufuna ukuphucula iinkqubo zabo zombane, kubandakanya abaguquki, abaphulaphuli besekethe, kunye ne-wiring, ukulungiselela iimfuno zamandla zeInqanaba 2 or I-DC ngokukhawuleza itshaja. Ukongeza, iiphaneli zombane zinokufuna ukuphuculwa ukuze zikwazi ukuthathela ingqalelo i-athi yorhwebo oluphezulu.
4.2 Ukufaka iSikhululo seSikhululo soMbane
Ixabiso leIntengiso ev tshajaKubandakanya umsebenzi wokufaka iiyunithi kunye nayiphi na i-wiring eyimfuneko. Oku kungahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bendawo yokufaka. Ukufaka i-chargers kwintuthuko entsha okanye iipropathi ezinesiseko esele sisenokungabizi ngaphezulu kokubuyisela izakhiwo ezindala.
4.3 Izikhululo zeThemu zoMsebenzi weZithuthi zoMsebenzi
I-charger enethiwekhi ibonelela ngamashishini kunye nokukwazi ukubeka iliso ekusetyenzisweni, ukuhlawula iintlawulo, kunye nokugcina izikhululo kude. Ngelixa iinkqubo zothungelwano zineendleko eziphezulu zokufakelwa, zibonelela ngedatha exabisekileyo kunye nezibonelelo zokusebenza, zibenzela utyalomali olufanelekileyo kumashishini afuna ukunika amava amathumbu angenamthungo.
5. Izikhululo zokuhlawula zikarhulumente zombane zeZithuthi
Ufakelo kunye nokugcinwa kweIzikhululo zokuhlawula zombane zombane zombanefuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba izikhululo zihlala zisebenza kwaye ziyafikeleleka kubo bonke abanini be-EV.
5.1 Imo yezorhwebo yokuhlawula iZithuthi zoMsebenzi
Intengiso ye-EV ChargerSebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cunch, kubandakanyaSae j1772kubaInqanaba le-2 charger, kwayeChademo or CcsIziqhoboshi zeI-DC ngokukhawuleza itshaja. Kubalulekile ukuba amashishini afakeIzikhululo zokuhlawula iimoto zorhweboOku kuyahambelana ne-cusch isetyenziswa rhoqo zii -v kwingingqi yabo.
5.2 Ulondolozo lwezikhululo zokuhlawulisa iimoto zombane
Ulondolozo lwendlela yesiqhelo lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni okoIntengiso ye-EV iCharhlala usebenza kwaye uthembekile. Oku kubandakanya uhlaziyo lwesoftware, uhlolo lwe-Hhowware, kunye nemicimbi yokulungisa ingxaki efana nokuphuma kwamandla okanye iingxaki zonxibelelwano. Amashishini amaninzi akhenketho lweekhontrakthi zenkonzo ukuqinisekisaIntengiso ye-EV Chargerzigcinwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ziyaqhubeka nokubonelela ngenkonzo ethembekileyo kubathengi.
Njengoko izithuthi zombane ziyaqhubeka nokuthandwa, imfuno yeIntengiso ye-EV iCharkulindeleke ukuba anyuke. Ngokukhetha indawo efanelekileyo, uhlobo lweshaja, kunye namahlakani ofakelo, amashishini anokwenza imali kwimfuno ekhulayo yezibonelelo ze-ED. Inkuthazo ezinjengeerhafu zerhafu kunye nenkqubo ye-nevi yenza utshintsho kwiIntengiso ye-EV ChargerIbizelwe ngakumbi, ngelixa iyonke eqhubekayo iqinisekisa ukuba utyalomali lwakho luhlala lusebenza iminyaka ezayo.
Nokuba ujonge ukufakaInqanaba lezorhwebo 2 ev Chargerkwindawo osebenza kuyo okanye kwinethiwekhi yeI-DC ngokukhawuleza itshajaKwindawo yokuthenga, ukutyala imali ngaphakathiIntengiso ye-EV iCharlukhetho oluhle kumashishini afuna ukuhlala phambi kwejika. Ngolwazi olufanelekileyo kunye nokucwangciswa, unokwenza iziseko zophuhliso ezingafezekisi kuphela iimfuno zanamhlanje kodwa zikwalungiselelwe ukutshintsha kwe-ED kusasa.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: I-DEX-03-2024