Uhlalutyo kunye nembono yemoto yombane kunye nentengiso ye-EV Chagger eMelika

Uhlalutyo kunye nembono yemoto yombane kunye nentengiso ye-EV Chagger eMelika
Ngelixa ubhubhane ubethe amashishini anemizi-manani, isithuthi sombane kunye necandelo lokuhlawula iziseko zophuhliso belihlukile. Nemarike yaseMelika, engengabi ngumdlali wehlabathi jikelele, uqalisa ukuntywila.
Kwimozulu kwimakethi yentengiso yase-US kwi-2023, i-Tech Blog yeBhloko yeTech yeTekhnoloji yathi:
Ayisiyo kuphela uTssa kunye ne-GM, kodwa neenkampani ezinje nge-Ford, iNissan, iRivian kunye neVolkswagen, ziya kuxhamla.
Ngo-2022, ukuthengisa kweenqwelo zombane e-US kwalawulwa yimodeli, njengemodeli kaTssa S, Model Y, imodeli y kunye ne-Chevrolet's ye-Chevrolet kunye ne-Chevrolet Yoma. I-2023 iya kubona ezinye iimodeli ezintsha ezitsha ziphuma njengemizi-mveliso emitsha ezayo emfuleni, kwaye ziya kufikeleleka ngakumbi.
I-Mckinsey iqikelela ukuba i-Allhe Alls kwaye i-EV iqala ukuvelisa iimodeli ezintsha ezingama-400 nge-2023.
Ngapha koko, ukuze kuxhaswe ukwakhiwa kwezibonelelo zemfumba, i-US ibhengezele iya kucwangcisa uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lweebhiliyoni ezingama-2022 ukuya kwi-500,000 lama-500,000 eeshawari. Umbutho ongenzi nzuzo e-ICT oqikelela ukuba ngo-2030, imfuno yesikhululo sotshaba esidlangalaleni e-United States siya kudlula kwi-1 yezigidi.
Imakethi ekhulayo yombane ekhulayo
Imakethi yemoto yombane yehlabathi, kubandakanya isithuthi sombane se-Hybrid (i-HEV), iplagi yombane kwi-Hybrid (i-PHV) kunye neSithuthi soMbane (i-PHV), iBev), iqhubeka inyuka kwimeko ye-HIV-19 ubhubhane.
Ngokutsho kwesifundo se-MCKinsey (iFift), ngaphandle kokuthengiswa kwezithuthi zehlabathi, i-2020 yayingunyaka omkhulu wokuthengiswa kombane, kwaye ngekota yesithathu, intengiso yehlabathi igqithile kwinqanaba le-PAVID-19.
Ngokukodwa, ukuthengisa eYurophu kunye ne-China kunye ne-80% ngokwahlukeneyo kwikota yesine kwikota yangaphambili, ukutyhala irekhodi le-Pener loR low Bloble kwirekhodi eliphezulu le-6%. Ngelixa i-US igcwele emva kweminye imimandla emibini, e-Encikhula ikhule phantse i-200% phakathi kwe-Q2 2020 kunye ne-Q2 2021, igalelo ekufezekiseni inqanaba lokungena kwi-3.6% ngexesha lobhubhane (jonga umfanekiso 1).

Umzobo 1 - Umthombo: I-Mckinsey Study (iFift -Fift et al., 2021)
Nangona kunjalo, ukujonga ukuhanjiswa kwendawo kubhaliso lwendawo e-Eve Enc kuvela kwi-US ityhila ukuba ukukhula kwe-EV akuzange kwenzeke ngokulinganayo kuyo yonke imimandla; Ihambelana ngokusondeleyo nobungakanani beendawo zeMetropolitan kwaye bahlukaniswe ngurhulumente, kunye namanye amazwe anobhaliso oluphezulu lwe-Eve Enc kunye nexabiso lokuthatha umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho (umzobo 2).

Omnye umthengisi uhlala eCalifornia. NgokweZiko leDatha laseMelika le-US, iCalifornia yokubhaliswa kweCalifornia yokubhaliswa kweZithuthi zoMbane ezihamba ngeenyawo ezingama-425,300 ngo-2020, zimele malunga ne-42% yobhaliso lwezithuthi zombane. Ingaphezulu kasixhenxe umlinganiso wobhaliso eFlorida, enelona nani liphezulu lezithuthi zombane ezibhalisiweyo.
Iinkampu zombini kwimakethi yesikhululo seStating yase-US
Ngaphandle kwe-China naseYurophu, iUnited States yeyona ntengiso yesithathu ye-charger yetshathi emhlabeni. Ngokutsho kwezibalo ze-IEA, i-2021, kukho izigidi ezi-2 zamandla e-US, 000 yeshayini), kunye nomyinge we-shargy yoluntu (1, kunye nomyinge we-pile kawonke-wonke), kunye nomyinge we-pile kawonkewonke, kunye nemakethi ecociweyo ye-ACM, iphantsi kancinci kunemarike yaseYurophu.
I-US EV charger yahlulwe ngohlobo lwe-Ac Charmation (kubandakanya i-1-5 iyure yokuqhuba i-10-5 iyure yokuqhuba iyure ye-10 ukuya kwi-1 iyure yokuqhuba iyure enye okanye ngaphezulu). Okwangoku, iiakhawunti ezicothayo ezihamba kancinci ze-L2 ze-80%, enamagalelo amakhulu entengiso afaka isandla kwi-51.5% yesabelo sentengiso, ngelixa i-DC ekhawulezayo ye-19%, ekhokelwa nguTessa enesabelo sentengiso ezingama-58%.

Umthombo: IHua 'I-Hua's Coururity
Ngokwengxelo yophando olubalaseleyo, i-US Rostral Specient Specient Scients I-RITION ye-20,85 yezigidi ngezigidi ezingama-2025 kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ikhule kwi-36.9% ukusuka kwi-2022 ukuya kwi-2030.
Oku kulandelayo yeyona nkampani iphambili inqwelo moya.
Tesla
Umenzi wemoto yombane uTessa ungumsebenzi wayo we-superchars. Inkampani ineendawo zokushaja ezingama-1,60, i-14,081 yomhlaba we-14,081 kwihlabathi jikelele, ekwindawo kawonke-wonke nakwi-TESLA Ubulungu abunyanzelekanga, kodwa bunqunyelwe kwizithuthi ze-Tessala ezixhotywe zixhasi. I-Tessa inokusebenzisa i-sae chargers ngeadapters.
Ixabiso liyahluka ngokwendawo kunye nezinye izinto, kodwa zihlala ziyi-0.28 nge-kWh nganye kwi-kWh. Ukuba indleko isekwe kwixesha elichithwe, ziisenti ezili-13 ngomzuzu ongezantsi kwe-60 kWh kunye neesenti ezingama-26 ngomzuzu ngaphezulu kwe-60 kWh.
Inethiwekhi ye-TSLA i-Tessa iqhele ukuba iquka ngaphezulu kwe-20,000 ye-Superchlorger (Chargs ekhawulezayo). Ngelixa ezinye iinethiwekhi zetshaja zinomxube weNqanaba 1 (ngaphezulu kweeyure eziyi-8 zentlawulo epheleleyo), iNqanaba 2 (malunga ne-4 iiyure ze-3 (malunga ne-1 i-1
Zonke izikhululo ze-SuperCherger ziboniswe kwimephu esebenzisanayo kwi-TSLA ye-TSLA ye-TSLA ye-TSLA. Abasebenzisi banokubona izikhululo endleleni, kunye nesantya sokutshaja kunye nokufumaneka. Inethiwekhi ye-SuperCrerger ivumela abanini beTesla ukuba bafumane amava okuhamba anokwenzeka ngaphandle kwezikhululo zombutho wesithathu.
Blink
Inethiwekhi etyibilikayo yenziwa liqela le-shara yemoto, inc, elisebenza i-3,275 iNqanaba 2 kunye nenqanaba lesi-3 lamanqanaba aseMelika eUnited States. Imodeli yenkonzo kukuba awudingi ukuba ulilungu ukusebenzisa itshaja, kodwa unokugcina imali ukuba ujoyine.
Ixabiso lesiseko leNqanaba le-2 yeNqanaba le-2 yi- $ 0.39 ukuya kwi-0.79 kwi-kWh nganye kwh, okanye i-0.04 ukuya kwi-0.06 ye- $ 0.06 ngomzuzu. Inqanaba 3 lokubhula ngokukhawuleza lixabisa i-0.49 ukuya kwi-0.49 kwi-0.69 nge-kwh, okanye i- $ 6.99 ukuya kwi- $ 9.99 ngentlawulo nganye.
Intlawulo
Ngokusekwe eCalifornia, i-Crobeipt yeyona qual thy yenethiwekhi enkulu e-US inamanqaku okubiza ngaphezulu kwama-68,000, apho i-1,500 yenqanaba 3 le-DC le-3 dc. Ipesenti encinci kuphela yeZitisha zeCenthePointipoint zeNqanaba le-3 dc ngokukhawuleza.
Oku kuthetha ukuba uninzi lwezikhululo zenkampani zenzelwe ukutshaja kancinci ngexesha lomsebenzi kwiindawo zorhwebo usebenzisa iNqanaba i kunye nenqanaba le-II yeNqanaba II. Esi sisicwangciso esifanelekileyo sokukhulisa intuthuzelo yabathengi i-EV, kodwa inethiwekhi yabo ineentsilelo ezibalulekileyo zokuhamba kunye nokuhamba umgama omde, owenza ukuba kungabikho banini be-ED.
Nyusa iMelika
I-Erimerication America, i-Autoker Volkswagen, icwangcisa ukufaka izitishi ezikhawulezayo ze-480 kwiidolophu ezili-17 kwi-42, ngesikhululo ngasinye sasingaphezulu kweekhilomitha ezingama-75 ukusuka kwelinye. Ubulungu abunyanzelekanga, kodwa izaphulelo ziyafumaneka ekujonisweni kweNkqubo + yeNkampani. Iindleko zokutshaja zibalwa kwisiseko somzuzu ngamnye, kuxhomekeka kwindawo kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lamandla akholekileyo ngesithuthi.
Umzekelo, eCalifornia, iindleko zesiseko yi- $ 0.99 ngomthamo we-350 kw, $ 0.69 kwi-125 kW, $ 0,2 kwi-1,00 ngentlawulo ye- $ 1.00. Intlawulo yenyanga yePass + iSicwangciso se- $ 4.00, kunye ne- $ 0.00 kW, $ 0,50 kwimzuzu ye-125 kW, kunye ne- $ 0.18 ngomzuzu we-75,18 nge-75 kW.
Evgo
I-EVGO, esekwe kwi-tennessee kwaye igcina ngaphezulu kwe-1,200 DC ekhawulezayo ye-DC kumazwe angama-34. IIRHAFU ZOKUGCINA ZOKUGQIBELA ZOKUGQIBELA Varry ngengingqi. Umzekelo, kwiNdawo yeLos Angeles yaseCalifornia, ixabisa i-0.27 $ 0.27 ngomzuzu ongengomalungu kunye ne- $ 0.23 ngomzuzu wamalungu. Ubhaliso lufuna umrhumo wenyanga we- $ 7.99, kodwa kubandakanya imizuzu engama-34 yokushaya ngokukhawuleza. Nokuba yeyiphi na, inqanaba 2 le-2 $ 1.50 ngeyure. Qaphela ukuba i-EvGG inesivumelwano ne-TESELA ye-TESELA ye-EVGG SAST TARS ukuba ifumaneke kumabanini be-tesa.
Volta
IVolta, inkampani esekwe eSan eFrancisco esebenza ngaphezu kwezikhululo-mali ezingaphezu kwe-700 kwi-10 ka-Sizwe, oko kubonakala ukuba izixhobo zokuhlawula i-volt ikhululekile kwaye akukho bulungu. I-Volta isebenzise inkxaso-mali yokufakwa kwamanqanaba 2 amacandelo enkampani kufutshane nabathengisi abafana nokutya, iMacy kunye ne-Saks. Ngelixa inkampani ihlawula iBhili yoMbane, yenza imali ngokuthengisa iintengiso ezixhaswayo eziboniswe kubahloli ababekwe kwiindawo zokuhlawula. I-Volta's Prosback's Cursback kukunqongophala kweziseko zophuhliso zenqanaba 3 ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza.