Njengomsebenzisi wetshaja ye-EV, ukushishino lokuthengisa umbane. Kodwa ujongene ne-paradox yemihla ngemihla: ulawula amandla, kodwa awumlawuli umthengi. Oyena mthengi wokwenyani kwitshaja yakho yeyesithuthiInkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri ye-EV (BMS)—“ibhokisi emnyama” echaza ukuba imoto iya kuhlawuliswa nini, nini, kwaye ikhawuleza kangakanani na.
Lo ngoyena nobangela wokuphazamiseka kwakho okuqhelekileyo. Xa iseshoni yokutshaja isilela ngendlela engaqondakaliyo okanye imoto entsha kraca ihlawulisa ngesantya esicothayo esidangeleyo, iBMS yenza izigqibo. Ngokutsho kophononongo lwamva nje lweJD Power,I-1 kwi-5 imizamo yokubiza uluntu ayiphumelelanga, kunye neempazamo zonxibelelwano phakathi kwesikhululo kunye nesithuthi singunobangela ophambili.
Esi sikhokelo siya kuvula loo bhokisi imnyama. Siya kuhamba ngaphaya kweenkcazo ezisisiseko ezifunyenwe kwenye indawo. Siza kuphonononga ukuba i-BMS inxibelelana njani, iyichaphazela njani na imisebenzi yakho, kunye nendlela onokuyisebenzisa ngayo ukuze wakhe inethiwekhi yokutshaja ethembekileyo, ekrelekrele nenengeniso.
Indima ye-BMS Ngaphakathi kwiMoto
Okokuqala, makhe sigqume ngokufutshane into eyenziwa yi-BMS ngaphakathi. Lo mxholo ubalulekile. Ngaphakathi kwesithuthi, i-BMS ngumgcini wepakethi yebhetri, icandelo eliyinkimbinkimbi kunye nexabiso eliphantsi. Imisebenzi yayo ephambili, njengoko ichazwe yimithombo efana neSebe lezaMandla lase-US, yile:
•UkuJonga iSeli:Isebenza njengogqirha, ihlola rhoqo iimpawu ezibalulekileyo (i-voltage, iqondo lokushisa, langoku) lamakhulu okanye amawaka eeseli zebhetri nganye.
•IState of Charges (SoC) & Health (SoH) Ukubala:Ibonelela "ngegeyiji yamafutha" kumqhubi kwaye ixilonga impilo yebhetri yexesha elide.
•UKhuseleko noKhuseleko:Owona msebenzi ubaluleke kakhulu kukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kwentlekele ngokukhusela ukutshaja ngokugqithisileyo, ukukhupha ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokubaleka kwe-thermal.
•Ukulinganisa iSeli:Iqinisekisa ukuba zonke iiseli zihlawuliswa kwaye zikhutshwe ngokulinganayo, ukwandisa umthamo osebenzisekayo wepakethi kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo.
Le misebenzi yangaphakathi iyalela ngokuthe ngqo ukuziphatha kokutshaja kwesithuthi.
Ukuxhawulana Okubalulekileyo: Indlela i-BMS eNxibelelana ngayo netshaja yakho
Eyona ngcamango ibalulekileyo kumqhubi likhonkco lonxibelelwano. Oku "kuxhawula ngesandla" phakathi kwetshaja yakho kunye ne-BMS yesithuthi kuqinisekisa yonke into. Inxalenye ephambili yayo nayiphi na imihlaUyilo lweSikhululo sokuTjaja se-EVicwangcisela unxibelelwano oluphambili.
Unxibelelwano oluSiseko (I-Analog Handshake)
I-Standard Level 2 i-AC yokutshaja, echazwe ngumgangatho we-SAE J1772, isebenzisa isignali ye-analog elula ebizwa ngokuba yi-Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM). Kucinge oku njengento esisiseko, incoko yendlela enye.
1.YakhoIsiXhobo soMbane weSithuthi soMbane (EVSE)ithumela umqondiso othi, "Ndinganikela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-32 amps."
2.I-BMS yesithuthi ifumana olu phawu.
3.I-BMS emva koko ixelela itshaja yemoto ukuba, "Kulungile, ucinyiwe ukuba uzobe ukuya kutsho kwii-amps ezingama-32."
Le ndlela inokuthenjwa kodwa inika phantse akukho datha kwitshaja.
UNxibelelwano oluPhezulu (Ingxoxo yeDijithali): ISO 15118
Eli likamva, kwaye sele lilapha. ISO 15118yinkqubo yonxibelelwano yedijithali ekumgangatho ophezulu eyenza ukuba kube nobutyebi, incoko yababini phakathi kwesithuthi kunye nesikhululo sokutshaja. Olu nxibelelwano lwenzeka phezu kweentambo zombane ngokwazo.
Lo mgangatho usisiseko sayo yonke into ephambili yokutshaja. Ibalulekile kuthungelwano lokutshaja lwangoku, olukrelekrele. Amaqumrhu amakhulu oshishino afana ne-Charin eV iyakulwela ukwamkelwa kwayo kwihlabathi jikelele.
Isebenza njani i-ISO 15118 kunye ne-OCPP kunye
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba le migangatho mibini eyahlukileyo, kodwa iyahambelana.
•OCPP(IProtokholi yeNgxowa-mali eVulekileyo) lulwimi lwakhoItshaja isebenzisa ukuthetha nesoftware yakho yolawulo oluphakathi (CSMS)efini.
•ISO 15118lulwimi lwakhoItshaja isebenzisa ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo kwi-BMS yesithuthi. Inkqubo ekrelekrele ngokwenene ifuna zombini ukusebenza.
Indlela iBMS eyichaphazela ngayo ngokuthe ngqo imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla
Xa uqonda indima ye-BMS njengomkhuseli kunye nomnxibelelanisi, iingxaki zakho zokusebenza zemihla ngemihla ziqala ukuba nentsingiselo.
•I "Charging Curve" Mystery:Iseshini yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kwe-DC ayinakuze ihlale kwisantya esiphezulu ixesha elide. Isantya sehla kakhulu emva kokuba ibhetri ifikelele kwi-60-80% ye-SoC. Eli ayilotyala kwitshaja yakho; yi-BMS ecothisa ngabom intlawulo ukunqanda ukwanda kobushushu kunye nomonakalo weseli.
•"Ingxaki" yeZithuthi kunye nokuTshaja okucothayo:Umqhubi usenokukhalaza ngesantya esicothayo nakwitshaja enamandla. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukuba isithuthi sabo sineTshaja ekwiBhodi engasebenzi kakuhle, kwaye i-BMS ayisayi kucela amandla angaphezu kwalawo anokuphathwa yi-OBC. Kwezi meko, ayigqibekanga ku-aUkutshaja okucothayoiprofayile.
•Ukupheliswa kweSeshini engalindelekanga:Iseshini inokuphela ngequbuliso ukuba i-BMS ibhaqa umba onokubakho, njengokufudumeza kweseli enye okanye ukutenxa kombane. Ithumela umyalelo othi "stop" ngokukhawuleza kwitshaja ukukhusela ibhetri. Uphando oluvela kwiNational Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) iqinisekisa ukuba ezi mpazamo zonxibelelwano zingumthombo obalulekileyo wokungaphumeleli kwentlawulo.
Ukusetyenziswa kweDatha ye-BMS: Ukusuka kwiBhokisi eMnyama ukuya kubuNgcali boShishino
Ngezibonelelo ezixhasayoISO 15118, unokuguqula i-BMS kwibhokisi emnyama ibe ngumthombo wedatha exabisekileyo. Oku kutshintsha imisebenzi yakho.
Nikeza ngoxilongo oluPhezulu kunye nokuTshaja okuBukrelekrele
Inkqubo yakho inokufumana idatha yexesha lokwenyani ngqo kwimoto, kubandakanya:
•I-Precise State of Charge (SoC) ngokwepesenti.
•Ixesha lokwenene lobushushu bebhetri.
• Amandla ombane athile kunye ne-amperage ecelwe yi-BMS.
Phucula kakhulu amava oMthengi
Uxhotyiswe ngale datha, isikrini setshaja yakho sinokubonelela ngoqikelelo oluchanekileyo oluthi "Ixesha Lokugcwaliswa". Unako kwakhona ukubonisa imiyalezo eluncedo efana, "Isantya sokutshaja sincitshisiwe ukukhusela impilo yexesha elide yebhetri." Oku kungafihlwa kwakha ukuthembana okukhulu nabaqhubi.
Ukuvula iiNkonzo zeXabiso eliPhezulu njengeThuthi-ukuya-kwiGridi (V2G)
I-V2G, eyona njongo iphambili yeSebe lezaMandla lase-US, ivumela ii-EVs ezipakishweyo ukuba zinike amandla kwakhona kwigridi. Oku akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwe-ISO 15118. Itshaja yakho kufuneka ikwazi ukucela ngokukhuselekileyo amandla kwisithuthi, umyalelo onokuthi ugunyaziswe kuphela yi-BMS kwaye ilawule. Oku kuvula imithombo yengeniso yexesha elizayo evela kwiinkonzo zegridi.
Umda Olandelayo: Izimvo ezivela kwi-14th Shanghai Energy Storage Expo
Itekhnoloji engaphakathi kwipakethi yebhetri iyavela ngokukhawuleza. Izimvo ezivela kwiziganeko zamva nje zehlabathi njengeITekhnoloji ye-14 ye-Shanghai yaMazwe ngaMazwe yokuGcinwa kwaMandla kunye ne-Application Exposibonise ukuba yintoni elandelayo kwaye iza kuyichaphazela njani iBMS.
•Iikhemistri zebhetri ezitsha:Ukunyuka kweIsodium-ionkwayeISemi-Solid-StateIibhetri, ezixoxwe ngokubanzi kwi-expo, zazisa iimpawu ezintsha zokushisa kunye nee-voltage curves. I-BMS kufuneka ibe nesoftware ethambileyo yokulawula ezi khemistri zintsha ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo.
•IDigital Twin & neBattery Passport:Umxholo ophambili ngumbono "wepasipoti yebhetri" -irekhodi yedijithali yobomi bebhetri. I-BMS ngumthombo wale datha, ukulandelela yonke intlawulo kunye nomjikelezo wokukhupha ukudala "iwele ledijithali" elinokuthi liqikelele ngokuchanekileyo i-State of Health (SoH) yexesha elizayo.
•I-AI kunye nokuFunda koomatshini:Isizukulwana esilandelayo se-BMS siya kusebenzisa i-AI ukuhlalutya iipatheni zokusetyenziswa kunye nokuqikelela indlela yokuziphatha eshushu, ukukhulisa ijika lokutshaja ngexesha lokwenyani lokulinganisa isantya kunye nempilo yebhetri.
Kuthetha ntoni Oku Kuwe?
Ukwakha inethiwekhi yokutshaja yobungqina bexesha elizayo, isicwangciso sakho sokuthenga kufuneka sibeke phambili unxibelelwano kunye nobukrelekrele.
•I-Hardware iSiseko:Xa ukhethaIsiXhobo soMbane weSithuthi soMbane (EVSE), qinisekisa ukuba ine-hardware epheleleyo kunye nenkxaso yesofthiwe ye-ISO 15118 kwaye ilungele uhlaziyo lwe-V2G oluzayo.
•I-Software yiPaneli yakho yoLawulo:INkqubo yakho yoLawulo lweSikhululo sokuTjaja (CSMS) kufuneka ikwazi ukutolika kwaye isebenzise idatha etyebileyo ebonelelwa yi-BMS yesithuthi.
•Imiba yeqabane lakho:Umntu onolwazi I-Charge Point Operator okanye iqabane lobuchwephesha libalulekile. Banokubonelela ngesisombululo se-turnkey apho i-hardware, isoftware, kunye nenethiwekhi zonke ziyilelwe ukusebenza ngokuhambelana ngokugqibeleleyo. Bayaqonda ukuba ukubiza imikhwa, njengempenduloKufuneka ndibize kangaphi i-ev yam ukuya kwi-100?, ifuthe kwimpilo yebhetri kunye nokuziphatha kwe-BMS.
Oyena Mthengi uBalulekileyo kwiTshaja yakho yiBMS
Kangangeminyaka, ishishini ligxile ekunikezeni amandla nje. Elo xesha liphelile. Ukusombulula ukuthembeka kunye neengxaki zamava omsebenzisi eziphazamisa ukutshaja koluntu, kufuneka sibone isithuthiInkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri ye-EVnjengoyena mthengi wokuqala.
Iseshoni yokutshaja eyimpumelelo yingxoxo eyimpumelelo. Ngokutyala imali kwiziseko zophuhliso ezikrelekrele ezithetha ulwimi lwe-BMS ngemigangatho efanaISO 15118, uhamba ngaphaya kokuba yinto elula. Uba ngumlingani wamandla oqhutywa yidatha, okwaziyo ukubonelela ngobuchule, obuthembekileyo, kunye neenkonzo ezinengeniso. Esi sisitshixo sokwakha uthungelwano oluchumayo kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-09-2025