1. Intshayelelo kwi-DC yokutshaja imfumba
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukukhula okukhawulezayo kwezithuthi zombane (EVs) kuqhube imfuno yezisombululo zokutshaja ezisebenza ngakumbi nezikrelekrele. Iimfumba zokutshaja ze-DC, ezaziwa ngokukwazi ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza, ziphambili kolu tshintsho. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, iitshaja zeDC ezisebenzayo ngoku ziyilelwe ukunyusa ixesha lokutshaja, ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokubonelela ngokudityaniswa komthungo kunye neegridi ezihlakaniphile.
Ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo komthamo wemarike, ukuphunyezwa kwe-OBC ye-bidirectional (i-On-Board Chargers) ayincedi kuphela ukunciphisa inkxalabo yabathengi malunga noluhlu kunye nokutshaja ukuxhalaba ngokuvumela ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kodwa kwakhona kuvumela izithuthi zombane ukuba zisebenze njengezikhululo zokugcina amandla ezisasazwayo. Ezi zithuthi zinokubuyisela amandla kwigridi, zincedisa ukucheba okuphezulu kunye nokuzaliswa kwentlambo. Ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo kwezithuthi zombane ngeetshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-DC (DCFC) yeyona ndlela iphambili yokukhuthaza utshintsho lwamandla ahlaziyekayo. Izikhululo zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo zidibanisa amacandelo ahlukeneyo anje ngezixhobo zombane ezincedisayo, izinzwa, ulawulo lwamandla, kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano. Kwangaxeshanye, iindlela zokuvelisa eziguquguqukayo ziyafuneka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokutshaja eziguqukayo zezithuthi zombane ezahlukeneyo, zongeza ubunzima kuyilo lwe-DCFC kunye nezikhululo zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo.
Umahluko phakathi kokutshaja kwe-AC kunye nokutshaja kwe-DC, ukutshaja kwe-AC (icala lasekhohlo loMzobo 2), iplagi i-OBC kwi-outlet ye-AC eqhelekileyo, kwaye i-OBC iguqula i-AC kwi-DC efanelekileyo ukubiza ibhetri. Ukutshaja kwe-DC (icala lasekunene loMfanekiso 2), isithuba sokushaja sihlawula ibhetri ngokuthe ngqo.
2. Ukwakheka kwenkqubo yemfumba yokutshaja kwe-DC
(1) Gqibezela amacandelo oomatshini
(2) Amacandelo enkqubo
(3) Umzobo webhloko osebenzayo
(4) Inkqubo ephantsi yemfumba yokutshaja
Inqanaba lesi-3 (L3) iitshaja ezikhawulezayo zeDC zidlula kwitshaja esebhodini (OBC) yesithuthi sombane ngokutshaja ibhetri ngokuthe ngqo nge-EV's Battery Management System (BMS). Oku kudlula kukhokelela ekunyukeni okubonakalayo kwesantya sokutshaja, ngamandla aphuma kwitshaja ukusuka kuma-50 kW ukuya kuma-350 kW. Amandla ombane ophumayo ahluka phakathi kwe-400V kunye ne-800V, kunye nee-EV ezintsha ezihamba phambili kwiinkqubo zebhetri ze-800V. Ukusukela ukuba iitshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-L3 DC ziguqula amanqanaba amathathu ombane we-AC kwi-DC, zisebenzisa i-AC-DC amandla okulungiswa kwezinto (PFC) ngaphambili, okubandakanya isiguquli se-DC-DC esikwanti. Le mveliso ye-PFC idityaniswa nebhetri yesithuthi. Ukufezekisa ukukhutshwa kwamandla aphezulu, iimodyuli zamandla ezininzi zihlala ziqhagamshelwe ngokufanayo. Olona ncedo luphambili lweetshaja ezikhawulezayo ze-L3 DC kukuncitshiswa kakhulu kwexesha lokutshaja kwizithuthi zombane
Undoqo wemfumba wokutshaja sisiseko se-AC-DC converter. Ibandakanya isigaba se-PFC, ibhasi ye-DC kunye nemodyuli ye-DC-DC
PFC Stage Block Diagram
Umzobo webhloko yemodyuli ye-DC-DC esebenzayo
3. Iskimu semeko yemfumba yokutshaja
(1) Inkqubo yokutshaja yokugcina i-Optical
Njengoko amandla okutshaja ezithuthi zombane esanda, umthamo wokuhambisa amandla kwizikhululo zokutshaja uhlala usokola ukuhlangabezana nemfuno. Ukujongana nale ngxaki, inkqubo yokutshaja esekwe kwindawo yokugcina isebenzisa ibhasi yeDC iye yavela. Le nkqubo isebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium njengeyunithi yokugcina amandla kwaye iqeshe i-EMS yendawo kunye nekude (iNkqubo yoLawulo lwaMandla) ukulinganisela kunye nokwandisa ukubonelela kunye nokufunwa kombane phakathi kwegridi, iibhetri zokugcina, kunye neenqwelo zombane. Ukongezelela, inkqubo inokudibanisa ngokulula kunye neenkqubo ze-photovoltaic (PV), ezibonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo kwixabiso eliphezulu kunye ne-off-peak yombane kunye nokwandiswa komthamo wegridi, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ngokubanzi.
(2) Inkqubo yokutshaja yeV2G
I-teknoloji ye-Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) isebenzisa iibhetri ze-EV ukugcina amandla, ukuxhasa igridi yamandla ngokuvumela ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezithuthi kunye negridi. Oku kunciphisa ubunzima obubangelwa kukudibanisa imithombo emikhulu yamandla ahlaziyekayo kunye nokutshaja kwe-EV ngokubanzi, ekugqibeleni kuphucula ukuzinza kwegridi. Ukongeza, kwiindawo ezinje ngeendawo zokuhlala kunye nezakhiwo zeofisi, uninzi lwezithuthi zombane zinokuthatha inzuzo yexabiso eliphakamileyo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi, ukulawula ukunyuka komthwalo oguqukayo, ukuphendula kwimfuno yegridi, kunye nokubonelela ngamandla okugcina amandla, konke nge-EMS (iNkqubo yoLawulo lwaMandla) ulawulo. Kumakhaya, iteknoloji yeVehicle-to-Home (V2H) inokuguqula iibhetri ze-EV zibe sisisombululo sokugcina amandla ekhaya.
(3) Inkqubo yokutshaja eodolweyo
Inkqubo yokutshaja eodolweyo isebenzisa izikhululo zokutshaja ezinamandla aphezulu, ezilungele iimfuno zokutshaja ezigxininisiweyo ezifana nezothutho zikawonke-wonke, iiteksi, kunye nezithuthi zothutho. Iishedyuli zokutshaja zingenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe kwiintlobo zezithuthi, kunye nokutshaja okwenzekayo ngexesha leeyure zombane ezingasebenzi kakhulu ukunciphisa iindleko. Ukongeza, inkqubo yolawulo ekrelekrele inokuphunyezwa ukufezekisa ulawulo lwezithuthi oluphakathi.
4.Indlela yophuhliso lwexesha elizayo
(1) Uphuhliso olulungelelanisiweyo lweemeko ezohlukeneyo ezincediswa zizikhululo zokutshaja ezisasaziweyo ezisuka kwizitishi zokutshaja ezikwindawo enye.
Izikhululo zokutshaja ezisasaziweyo ezisekelwe kwindawo ekufikelwa kuyo ziya kusebenza njengezongezo ezixabisekileyo kuthungelwano lokutshaja olwandisiweyo. Ngokungafaniyo nezikhululo ezisembindini apho abasebenzisi bafuna iitshaja ngokukhutheleyo, ezi zikhululo ziya kudityaniswa neendawo abantu abasele besiya kuzo. Abasebenzisi banokuhlawulisa izithuthi zabo ngexesha lokuhlala okwandisiweyo (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kweyure), apho ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kungabalulekanga. Amandla okutshaja kwezi zikhululo, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-20 ukuya kwi-30 kW, anele izithuthi zabakhweli, ukubonelela ngenqanaba elifanelekileyo lamandla ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisisiseko.
(2) 20kW imarike yesabelo esikhulu ukuya kuma-20/30/40/60kW uqwalaselo lophuhliso lwemarike.
Ngokutshintshela kwizithuthi zombane zamandla ombane aphezulu, kukho imfuneko ecinezelayo yokunyusa amandla ombane wokutshaja aphezulu kwiimfumba zokutshaja ukuya kwi-1000V ukulungiselela ukusetyenziswa okuxhaphakileyo kwekamva kweemodeli zombane ophezulu. Eli nyathelo lixhasa ukuphuculwa kweziseko zophuhliso eziyimfuneko kwizitishi zokutshaja. Umgangatho we-voltage we-1000V wemveliso ufumene ukwamkelwa okubanzi kushishino lweemodyuli zokutshaja, kwaye abavelisi abaphambili bazisa ngokuqhubekayo iimodyuli zokutshaja ze-1000V eziphezulu ukuhlangabezana nale mfuno.
I-Linkpower inikezelwe ekuboneleleni nge-R & D kuquka isofthiwe, i-hardware kunye nenkangeleko ye-AC / DC yombane yokutshaja iimfumba zemoto ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-8. Sifumene izatifikethi ze-ETL / FCC / CE / UKCA / CB / TR25 / RCM. Ukusebenzisa i-software ye-OCPP1.6, sigqibe uvavanyo kunye nababoneleli beqonga be-OCPP abangaphezu kwe-100. Siye saphucula i-OCPP1.6J kwi-OCPP2.0.1, kwaye isisombululo se-EVSE sorhwebo sixhotyiswe ngemodyuli ye-IEC/ISO15118, eyona nyathelo eliqinileyo ekuqondeni ukutshaja kwe-V2G bi-directional.
Kwixesha elizayo, iimveliso zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ezifana neemfumba zokutshaja iimoto zombane, i-solar photovoltaic, kunye neenkqubo zokugcina amandla ebhetri ye-lithium (BESS) ziya kuphuhliswa ukubonelela ngezisombululo eziphezulu ezidibeneyo kubathengi emhlabeni jikelele.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-17-2024