Uhambe ngobuchule kwisithuthi sombane, kodwa ngoku amaxhala amatsha aplagiwe. Ingaba imoto yakho entsha enexabiso eliphezulu ikhuselekile ngenene xa uyitshaja ngobusuku nje? Ngaba impazamo yombane efihliweyo inokuyonakalisa ibhetri yayo? Yintoni enqanda ukushukuma kwamandla okulula ekujikeni itshaja yakho yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu ibe sisitena? Ezi nkxalabo zifanelekile.
Ihlabathi leUkhuseleko lwetshaja ye-EVyindawo yemigodi yejagoni yobugcisa. Ukubonelela ngengcaciso, sichithe yonke into oyifunayo ukuyazi kuluhlu olunye oluqinisekileyo. Ezi ziindlela ezili-10 zokukhusela ezibaluleke kakhulu ezahlula amava akhuselekileyo, athembekileyo okuhlawula kumdlalo onobungozi.
1. Ukhuseleko lwamanzi kunye nothuli (Umlinganiselo we-IP)
EyokuqalaIndlela yokukhusela itshaja ye-EVsisikhuselo sayo somzimba ngokuchasene nokusingqongileyo. Umlinganiselo we-IP (uKhuseleko lokuNgena) ngumgangatho wendalo yonke okala ukuba isixhobo sitywinwe kangakanani na kwizinto eziqinileyo (uthuli, ukungcola) kunye nolwelo (imvula, ikhephu).
Kutheni Kubalulekile:Amanzi kunye ne-high-voltage electronics ngumxube oyintlekele. Itshaja engavalwanga ngokwaneleyo inokujika-jika ngexesha lokuna kwemvula, ibangele umonakalo osisigxina kwaye idale ingozi enkulu yomlilo okanye umothuko. Uthuli kunye ne-debris nazo zingaqokelelana ngaphakathi, zivale izinto zokupholisa kwaye zikhokelela ekufudumeni. Kuyo nayiphi na itshaja, ngakumbi enye efakwe ngaphandle, ukulinganisa kwe-IP ephezulu akunakuxoxisana.
Into omawuyijonge:
•I-First Digit (Iziqina):Uluhlu ukusuka ku-0-6. Ufuna ukureyishwa ubuncinane5(Uthuli lukhuselwe) okanye6(Dust Tight).
•Idijithi yesiBini (ulwelo):Uluhlu ukusuka ku-0-8. Kwigaraji yangaphakathi,4(Ukutshiza Amanzi) kwamkelekile. Kulo naluphi na ufakelo lwangaphandle, khangela ubuncinci be5(Ijethi zamanzi), kunye6(Iijethi zamanzi ezinamandla) okanye7(Ukuntywiliselwa okwethutyana) ukuba ngcono nakwimozulu enzima. A ngokweneneItshaja ye-EV engenamanziizakubanomlinganiselo we IP65 okanye ngaphezulu.
| IP Rating | Inqanaba loKhuseleko | Imeko yokusetyenziswa efanelekileyo |
| IP54 | Uthuli lukhuselwe, luxhathisa ukuchaphaza | Igaraji yangaphakathi, ikhapoti egqunywe kakuhle |
| IP65 | I-Dust Tight, ikhusela kwiiJets zamanzi | Ngaphandle, evezwe ngqo emvuleni |
| IP67 | Uthuli oluqinileyo, lukhusela ekuntywilisweni | Ngaphandle kwiindawo ezithanda ukuba namadili okanye izikhukhula |
Elinkpower Uvavanyo lwamanzi
2. Impembelelo kunye nokuNxhathisa ukuNxibelelana (uHlelo lwe-IK & nezithintelo)
Itshaja yakho isoloko ifakwe kwindawo enezithuthi ezininzi: igaraji yakho. Kusesichengeni samaqhuqhuva, imikrwelo, kunye neempembelelo zengozi kwisithuthi sakho, umatshini wokucheba ingca, okanye ezinye izixhobo.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:Indlu yetshaja eqhekekileyo okanye eyaphukileyo iveza izinto zombane ngaphakathi, idala umngcipheko womothuko okhawulezileyo. Nokuba impembelelo encinci inokonakalisa uxhulumaniso lwangaphakathi, olukhokelela kwiimpazamo eziphazamisayo okanye ukungaphumeleli ngokupheleleyo kweyunithi.
Into omawuyijonge:
•Ukalisho lwe-IK:Lo ngumlinganiselo wokumelana nempembelelo, ukusuka kwi-IK00 (akukho khuselo) ukuya kwi-IK10 (ukhuseleko oluphezulu). Kwitshaja yendawo yokuhlala, khangela ireyithingi yobuncinciIK08, enokumelana nempembelelo ye-5-joule. Kwitshaja zikawonke-wonke okanye zorhwebo,IK10ngumgangatho.
•Izithintelo ngokwasemzimbeni:Olona khuseleko lungcono kukuthintela impembelelo ukuba ingaze yenzeke. A ngokufanelekileyoUyilo lweSikhululo sokuTjaja se-EVkwindawo esengozini kufuneka ibandakanye ukufaka i-bollard yensimbi okanye i-rubber wheel stop elula emgangathweni ukugcina izithuthi kumgama okhuselekileyo.
3. UKhuseleko olukwiNgxaki oluPhezulu (Uhlobo lwe-B RCD/GFCI)
Oku ngokungathandabuzekiyo sesona sixhobo sibalulekileyo sokhuseleko lwangaphakathi kunye nelitye lembomboukhuseleko lokutshaja isithuthi sombane. Iphutha lomhlaba lenzeka xa umbane uvuza kwaye ufumana indlela engalindelekanga emhlabeni-enokuthi ibe ngumntu. Esi sixhobo sibhaqa ukuvuza kwaye sinqumle amandla ngeemilliseconds.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:Umtshina osemgangathweni oqhelekileyo womhlaba (uHlobo A) olufumaneka kumakhaya amaninzi aluboni ukuvuza kwe-"smooth DC" enokuveliswa yi-EV's power electronics. Ukuba kukho impazamo ye-DC, i-Type A RCDayiyi kukhubeka, eshiya impazamo ephilayo enokuba yingozi. Le yeyona ngozi inkulu efihliweyo kwiitshaja ezingachazwanga ngokufanelekileyo.
Into omawuyijonge:
•Iinkcukacha zetshajakufunekachaza ukuba ibandakanya ukhuseleko kwiimpazamo zeDC. Khangela amabinzana:
"Uhlobo B RCD"
"I-6mA DC yokufunyanwa kokuvuza"
"RDC-DD (IsiXhobo esiNgqongileyo esiNgqongileyo sangoku)"
•Musa ukuthenga itshaja edwelisa kuphela ukhuseleko "Uhlobo A RCD" ngaphandle kolubhaqo lwe-DC olongezelelweyo. Oku phambiliimpazamo yomhlabaukhuseleko lubalulekile kwii-EVs zanamhlanje.
4. Ukhuseleko lweSekethe oluNcinci kunye nolufutshane
Olu phawu lokhuseleko lusisiseko lusebenza njengepolisa eliphaphileyo lombane, likhusela iingcingo zekhaya lakho kunye netshaja ngokwayo ekutsaleni umsinga omninzi kakhulu. Ikhusela iingozi ezimbini eziphambili.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:
•Ukulayisha ngaphezulu:Xa itshaja ithe gqolo ukutsala amandla angaphezulu kunokuba ilinganiselwe isekethe, iingcingo ezingaphakathi kweendonga zakho ziyafudumala. Oku kunokunyibilikisa i-insulation ekhuselayo, ekhokelela kwi-arcing kunye nokudala umngcipheko wokwenene womlilo wombane.
•Iisekethe ezimfutshane:Oku kugqabhuka kwesiquphe, okungalawulwayo kwangoku xa iingcingo zibamba. Ngaphandle kokhuseleko olukhawulezileyo, esi siganeko sinokubangela i-arc flash eqhumayo kunye nomonakalo oyintlekele.
Into omawuyijonge:
•Itshaja nganye inale yakhelwe ngaphakathi, kodwa kufuneka ixhaswe yiisiphaluka esizinikezeleyokwiphaneli yakho yombane engundoqo.
•Isiqhekezi sesekethi kwiphaneli yakho kufuneka silinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngokwemilinganiselo yetshaja kunye negeyiji yocingo esetyenzisiweyo, ngokuthobela ngokupheleleyo konke.Iimfuno ze-NEC zeetshaja ze-EV. Esi sizathu esingundoqo ukufakwa kobungcali kuyimfuneko.
5. Ngaphezulu naPhantsi koKhuseleko lweVoltage
Igridi yamandla ayizinzanga ngokugqibeleleyo. Amanqanaba ombane anokutshintshatshintsha, anciphe ngexesha lemfuno ephezulu okanye ukutsiba ngokungalindelekanga. Ibhetri ye-EV yakho kunye neenkqubo zokutshaja zinovakalelo kwaye ziyilelwe ukusebenza ngaphakathi kuluhlu oluthile lwamandla ombane.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:
•Ngamandla ombane:Amandla ombane aphezulu azinzileyo angonakalisa ngokusisigxina itshaja yemoto yakho kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri, nto leyo ekhokelela kulungiso olubiza kakhulu.
•Ngaphantsi kweVoltage (Sags):Ngelixa ungonakalisi kangako, amandla ombane aphantsi anokubangela ukuba ukutshaja kusilele ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kubeke uxinzelelo kwizinto zetshaja, kwaye kuthintele isithuthi sakho ekutshajini kakuhle.
Into omawuyijonge:
•Olu luphawu lwangaphakathi lwawo nawuphi na umgangathoIsiXhobo soMbane weSithuthi soMbane (EVSE). Inkcazo yemveliso kufuneka idwelise "Ngaphezu / Ngaphantsi koKhuseleko lweVoltage." Itshaja iya kubeka iliso ngokuzenzekelayo umbane wombane ongenayo kwaye iya kumisa okanye imise iseshoni yokutshaja ukuba i-voltage ihamba ngaphandle kwefestile yokusebenza ekhuselekileyo.
6. Ukhuseleko lweGridi yoMbane (SPD)
Ukunyuka kwamandla kwahlukile kwi-over-voltage. Yi-spike enkulu, ekhawulezileyo kumbane, ihlala ihlala ii-microseconds kuphela, ihlala ibangelwa lukubetha kombane okanye ukusebenza kwegridi enkulu.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:Ukubetha ngamandla kunokuba sisigwebo sokufa ngoko nangoko kuso nasiphi na isixhobo sombane. Inokudanyaza kuzo zonke iziqhekezi zesekethe ezisemgangathweni kwaye uqhotse ii-microprocessors ezinovakalelo kwitshaja yakho kwaye, kwimeko embi kakhulu, isithuthi sakho ngokwaso. Isisekoukhuseleko lwangokuakenzi nto ukuyinqanda.
Into omawuyijonge:
•ISPD yangaphakathi:Ezinye iitshaja zeprimiyamu zinesiseko sokhuselo esakhelwe ngaphakathi. Oku kuhle, kodwa ngumaleko omnye kuphela wokuzikhusela.
•I-SPD yeKhaya Elipheleleyo (Uhlobo loku-1 okanye udidi lwesi-2):Esona sisombululo sisiso kukuba umntu osebenza ngombane afakeleUkhuseleko lokutyalwa kwe-EVisixhobo ngqo kwiphaneli yakho yombane engundoqo okanye imitha. Oku kukhusela itshaja yakho kunyezonke ezinyeisixhobo sombane kwikhaya lakho sisuka kumaza angaphandle. Kukuhlaziywa kwexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu ngexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu.
7. ULawulo lweCable eKhuselekileyo noKhuselekileyo
Intambo yokutshaja enzima, enombane ophezulu eshiywe emhlabeni yingozi elindele ukwenzeka. Yingozi yohambo, kwaye intambo ngokwayo isesichengeni sokonakala.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:Intambo eqhutywe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngemoto ingaba nee-conductor zayo zangaphakathi kunye ne-insulation etyunyuziweyo, idala umonakalo ofihliweyo ongakhokelela ekugqithiseni okanye isiphaluka esifutshane. Isidibanisi esijingayo singonakala ukuba siwisiwe okanye sigcwaliswe ngobutyobo, okukhokelela kunxibelelwano olubi. IsebenzaULondolozo lweSikhululo sokuTshaja se-EViqala ngokuphathwa kwentambo ngokufanelekileyo.
Into omawuyijonge:
•Ugcino oluManyanisiweyo:Itshaja eyenziwe kakuhle iya kubandakanya iholster eyakhelweyo kwikhonkco kunye nekhonkco okanye ukugoqa ikhebula. Oku kugcina yonke into icocekile kwaye ingekho emhlabeni.
•IiRetractor/Booms:Okokugqibela kukhuseleko kunye nokulula, ngakumbi kwiigaraji ezixakekileyo, qwalasela udonga oluxhonywe eludongeni okanye i-ceiling-mounted cable retractor. Igcina intambo icace ngokupheleleyo emgangathweni xa ingasetyenziswa.
8. Ulawulo Lomthwalo olukrelekrele
A smartIndlela yokukhusela itshaja ye-EVisebenzisa isoftware ukukuthintela ekulayisheni ngokugqithisileyo isixokelelwano sombane sekhaya lakho.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:Itshaja yeNqanaba lesi-2 enamandla inokusebenzisa umbane omninzi njengekhitshi lakho liphela. Ukuba uqala ukutshaja imoto yakho ngelixa i-air conditioner yakho, isomisi sombane, kunye ne-oveni zisebenza, ungagqitha ngokulula umthamo opheleleyo wephaneli yakho yombane ephambili, okubangela ukucima kwendlu yonke.Ulawulo lomthwalo wokutshaja kwe-EVkuthintela oku.
Into omawuyijonge:
•Jonga iitshaja ezipapashwe "ngokulinganisa ukulayisha," "Ulawulo lomthwalo," okanye "Ukutshaja ngobuchule."
•Ezi yunithi zisebenzisa isivamvo sangoku (isibambeli esincinci) esibekwe kwizinto eziphambili zombane zekhaya lakho. Itshaja iyayazi ukuba mangakanani amandla ewonke esetyenziswa yindlu yakho kwaye iya kusinciphisa ngokuzenzekelayo isantya sokutshaja ukuba usondela kumda, emva koko unyuke umva xa imfuno isihla. Eli nqaku lingakusindisa kuhlaziyo lwephaneli yombane exabisa amawaka eedola kwaye luqwalaselo olubalulekileyo kwitotali.Ixabiso leSikhululo sokuTyala se-EV.
9. UFakelo lobuNgcali kunye nokuThotyelwa kweKhowudi
Oku ayisiyonto yetshaja ngokwayo, kodwa yindlela yokhuseleko lwenkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu. Itshaja ye-EV sisixhobo esinamandla amakhulu ekufuneka sifakwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuze sikhuseleke.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:Ufakelo lwe-amateur lungakhokelela kwiingozi ezingenakubalwa: iingcingo ezinobungakanani obungafanelekanga obugqithisayo, ukudibanisa okuxekekileyo okudala i-arcs yombane (unobangela omkhulu womlilo), iintlobo ze-breaker ezingachanekanga, kunye nokungahambelani neekhowudi zombane zendawo, ezinokukhupha i-inshurensi yomninimzi wakho. IUkhuseleko lwetshaja ye-EVilungile kuphela njengokufakwa kwayo.
Into omawuyijonge:
•Hlala uqesha umntu osebenza ngombane onelayisensi kunye ne-inshorensi. Buza ukuba banamava okufaka iitshaja ze-EV.
•Baya kuqinisekisa ukuba isekethe ezinikeleyo iyasetyenziswa, igeyiji yocingo ichanekile kwi-amperage kunye nomgama, lonke uqhagamshelo lufakwe kwi-torquet ukuya kwi-specification, kwaye wonke umsebenzi uyahlangabezana nemigangatho yeKhowudi yoMbane yengingqi kunye neyeSizwe (NEC). Imali echithwe kwingcali yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeIxabiso leTjaja ye-EV kunye noFakelo.
10. ISiqinisekiso soKhuseleko seQela lesithathu (UL, ETL, njl.)
Umenzi unokwenza naliphi na ibango alifunayo kwiwebhusayithi yakhe. Uphawu lwesatifikethi oluvela kwilabhoratri yovavanyo ethembekileyo, ezimeleyo ithetha ukuba imveliso iye yavavanywa ngokungqongqo ukuya kwimigangatho emiselweyo yokhuseleko.
Kutheni Kubalulekile:Iitshaja ezingaqinisekiswanga, zihlala zifumaneka kwiimarike ze-intanethi, azikajongwanga ngumntu wesithathu ozimeleyo. Basenokuswela ukhuseleko lwangaphakathi olubalulekileyo oludweliswe ngasentla, basebenzise izinto ezingekho mgangathweni, okanye babe noyilo oluyingozi. Uphawu lwesiqinisekiso bubungqina bakho bokuba itshaja ivavanyelwe ukhuseleko lombane, umngcipheko womlilo, kunye nokuqina.
Into omawuyijonge:
•Khangela uphawu lwesiqinisekiso sokwenyani kwimveliso ngokwayo kunye nokupakishwa kwayo. Awona manqaku axhaphakileyo kuMntla Melika ngala:
Uluhlu lwe-UL okanye lwe-UL:Ukusuka kwiiLebhu zaBangaphantsi.
ETL okanye ETL edwelisiweyo:Ukusuka kwi-Entertek.
I-CSA:Ukusuka kuMbutho weMigangatho yaseKhanada.
•Ezi ziqinisekiso zisisiseko seUkhuseleko lwe-EVSE. Ungaze uthenge okanye ufake itshaja engenalo nolunye kula manqaku. Iinkqubo ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu ezenza iimpawu ezifanaV2Gokanye ilawulwa ngu-aI-Charge Point Operatoriyakuhlala inezi ziqinisekiso zingundoqo.
Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke ezi ndlela zilishumi zezi ndlela zokhuseleko zibalulekile, wakha inkqubo ebanzi yokhuseleko ekhusela utyalo-mali lwakho, ikhaya lakho kunye nosapho lwakho. Ungahlawulisa ngokuzithemba okupheleleyo, usazi ukuba wenze ukhetho olufanelekileyo, olukhuselekileyo.
At elinkpower, sizimisele kumgangatho ohamba phambili kwishishini lokugqwesa kwitshaja nganye ye-EV esiyivelisayo.
Uzahlulelo lwethu luqala ngokuqina komzimba okungalalanisiyo. Ngomlinganiselo oqinileyo we-IK10 wobungqina bokungqubana kunye noyilo lwe-IP65 olungangeni manzi, luntywiliselwa ngamandla emanzini kunye novavanyo lwempembelelo phambi kokuba umke kumzi-mveliso. Oku kuqinisekisa ubomi obude obuphezulu, ekugqibeleni kongela iindleko zobunini. Ngaphakathi, iitshaja zethu zinoluhlu lwezinto ezikhuselayo ezikrelekrele, ezibandakanya ukulinganisa umthwalo kwi-intanethi kunye ne-offline, ukhuseleko lwangaphantsi/ngaphezulu kwamandla ombane, kunye nesikhuseli sotyando esakhelwe ngaphakathi sokukhusela umbane ngokupheleleyo.
Le ndlela ibanzi yokhuseleko ayisosithembiso-iqinisekisiwe. Iimveliso zethu ziqinisekiswa ngabasemagunyeni abathembekileyo kwihlabathi, ukubambaUL, ETL, CSA, FCC, TR25, kunye ne-ENERGY STARiziqinisekiso. Xa ukhetha i-elinkpower, awuthengi nje itshaja; utyala ukuqina kobuchwephesha, ukhuseleko oluqinisekisiweyo, kunye noxolo lwengqondo lokugqibela lwendlela engaphambili.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-10-2025